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arXiv 1702.01708quant-ph
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金属薄膜Casimir自由能和熵的低温行为

Low-temperature behavior of the Casimir free energy and entropy of metallic films

G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko

摘要:

导出了低温真空中金属薄膜Casimir自由能、熵和压强的解析表达式。结果表明,这种行为显着不同取决于是否等离子体或Drude模型被用来描述薄膜金属的介电性能。对于用无耗等离子体模型描述的金属膜,Casimir能量和压力的热修正随膜厚的增加以指数方式快速下降到零。在这种情况下没有经典极限。Casimir熵满足能斯特热定理。对于具有由Drude模型描述的完美晶格的金属膜,在零温度下的Casimir熵取非零值,这取决于膜的参数,即,就违反了能斯特热定理。零温度下的卡西米尔熵为正,而在两个金属板之间有真空间隙的情况下,如果使用德鲁德模型,则卡西米尔熵为负。讨论了所得结果在薄膜稳定性研究中的可能应用。

英文摘要:

We derive an analytic behavior of the Casimir free energy, entropy and pressure of metallic films in vacuum at low temperature. It is shown that this behavior differs significantly depending on whether the plasma or the Drude model is used to describe the dielectric properties of film metal. For metallic films described by the lossless plasma model the thermal corrections to the Casimir energy and pressure drop to zero exponentially fast with increasing film thickness. There is no classical limit in this case. The Casimir entropy satisfies the Nernst heat theorem. For metallic films with perfect crystal lattices described by the Drude model the Casimir entropy at zero temperature takes a nonzero value depending on the parameters of a film, i.e., the Nernst heat theorem is violated. The Casimir entropy at zero temperature is positive, as opposed to the case of two metallic plates separated with a vacuum gap, where it is negative if the Drude model is used. Possible applications of the obtained results in investigations of stability of thin films are discussed.

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