arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1702.00684cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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应变相关固体表面应力的直接测量

Direct Measurement of Strain-dependent Solid Surface Stress

Qin Xu, Katharine E. Jensen, Rostislav Boltyanskiy, Raphael Sarfati, Robert W. Style, Eric R. Dufresne

摘要:

表面应力,也称为表面张力,是任何界面的基本材料性质。然而,在传统的工程材料,如金属和氧化物,固体表面应力的测量已被证明是非常具有挑战性的。因此,我们的理解在很大程度上依赖于未经检验的理论,特别是关于这种性质的应变依赖性。在这里,我们利用软聚合物凝胶的高顺应性和大的弹性变形能力直接测量固体表面应力作为应变的函数。正如金属理论工作所预期的那样,我们发现表面应力通过表面模量取决于应变。值得注意的是,我们的软凝胶的表面模量比零应变表面张力大许多倍。这表明,表面应力可以发挥主导作用,在固体力学在更大的长度尺度比以前预期的。

英文摘要:

Surface stress, also known as surface tension, is a fundamental material property of any interface. However, measurements of solid surface stress in traditional engineering materials, such as metals and oxides, have proven to be very challenging. Consequently, our understanding relies heavily on untested theories, especially regarding the strain dependence of this property. Here, we take advantage of the high compliance and large elastic deformability of a soft polymer gel to directly measure solid surface stress as a function of strain. As anticipated by theoretical work for metals, we find that the surface stress depends on the strain via a surface modulus. Remarkably, the surface modulus of our soft gels is many times larger than the zero-strain surface tension. This suggests that surfaces stresses can play a dominant role in solid mechanics at much larger length scales than previously anticipated.

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