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arXiv 1701.03263cs.DS
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几台不同类型机上的EPTAS排序问题

An EPTAS for Scheduling on Unrelated Machines of Few Different Types

Klaus Jansen, Marten Maack

摘要:

在经典的不相关平行机排序问题中,一组工件必须分配给一组机器。工件的加工时间取决于机器,目标是最小化完工时间,即最大机器负载。众所周知,这个问题是NP难的,并且不允许近似保证小于$1.5$的多项式时间近似算法,除非P $=$ NP。我们考虑的情况下,只有一个常数$K$的机器类型。如果两台机器的所有工件的加工时间相同,则它们具有相同的类型。对于$K=1$,这个问题的变体已经是强NP难的。我们提出了一个有效的多项式时间近似方案(EPTAS)的问题,即对于任何$\varepsilon > 0$的最大完工时间的长度最多$(1+\varepsilon)$倍的最优分配可以在多项式时间内找到的输入长度和指数是独立的$1/\varepsilon$。特别地,我们实现了$2^{\mathcal{O}(K\log(K) \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\log^4 \frac{1}{\varepsilon})}+\mathrm{poly}(|I|)$的运行时间,其中$|I|$表示输入长度。此外,我们研究了其他三个问题的变种,并提出了一个EPTAS为他们每一个:圣诞老人的问题,其中最小的机器负载已被最大化的情况下,不相关的平行机与一个常数数量的统一类型,其中相同类型的机器表现得像一致相关的机器调度;和多维向量调度问题的变体,其中机器类型的维度和数量都是常数。对于圣诞老人问题,我们实现了相同的运行时间。结果实现,使用混合整数线性规划和舍入技术。

英文摘要:

In the classical problem of scheduling on unrelated parallel machines, a set of jobs has to be assigned to a set of machines. The jobs have a processing time depending on the machine and the goal is to minimize the makespan, that is the maximum machine load. It is well known that this problem is NP-hard and does not allow polynomial time approximation algorithms with approximation guarantees smaller than $1.5$ unless P$=$NP. We consider the case that there are only a constant number $K$ of machine types. Two machines have the same type if all jobs have the same processing time for them. This variant of the problem is strongly NP-hard already for $K=1$. We present an efficient polynomial time approximation scheme (EPTAS) for the problem, that is, for any $\varepsilon > 0$ an assignment with makespan of length at most $(1+\varepsilon)$ times the optimum can be found in polynomial time in the input length and the exponent is independent of $1/\varepsilon$. In particular we achieve a running time of $2^{\mathcal{O}(K\log(K) \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\log^4 \frac{1}{\varepsilon})}+\mathrm{poly}(|I|)$, where $|I|$ denotes the input length. Furthermore, we study three other problem variants and present an EPTAS for each of them: The Santa Claus problem, where the minimum machine load has to be maximized; the case of scheduling on unrelated parallel machines with a constant number of uniform types, where machines of the same type behave like uniformly related machines; and the multidimensional vector scheduling variant of the problem where both the dimension and the number of machine types are constant. For the Santa Claus problem we achieve the same running time. The results are achieved, using mixed integer linear programming and rounding techniques.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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