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arXiv 1701.02482cond-mat.soft
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电场中液体混合物的研究进展

Recent advances in liquid mixtures in electric fields

Yael Katsir, Yoav Tsori

摘要:

当不混溶液体受到电场时,由于液体的介电常数或电导率的差异而产生界面力,并且这些力导致液滴的形状变化或界面不稳定性。在这篇专题评论中,我们讨论了在电场中液体的理论和实验的最新进展,重点是在外场的影响下最初混溶和分层的液体。在纯电介质液体中,如果电极几何形状导致足够大的场梯度,则发生分层。在极性液体中,场梯度是普遍的,这是由于解离离子的屏蔽,而与电极的几何形状无关。我们研究这些“电预湿”过渡的条件,并突出几个可能的系统,它们可能是重要的,如在稳定的胶体和在门控膜中的孔。

英文摘要:

When immiscible liquids are subject to electric fields interfacial forces arise due to a difference in the permittivity or the conductance of the liquids, and these forces lead to shape change in droplets or to interfacial instabilities. In this Topical Review we discuss recent advances in the theory and experiments of liquids in electric fields with an emphasis on liquids which are initially miscible and demix under the influence of an external field. In purely dielectric liquids demixing occurs if the electrode geometry leads to sufficiently large field gradients. In polar liquids field gradients are prevalent due to screening by dissociated ions irrespective of the electrode geometry. We examine the conditions for these "electro prewetting" transitions and highlight few possible systems where they might be important, such as in stabilization of colloids and in gating of pores in membranes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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