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arXiv 0712.2901cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.soft
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带电物体附近液体混合物的相分离转变

Phase-Separation Transition in Liquid Mixtures Near Charged Objects

Gilad Marcus, Sela Samin, Yoav Tsori

摘要:

我们研究了非极性液体混合物在弯曲带电物体(如电极或带电胶体)附近的热力学行为。对于物体上足够小的电荷,或者等效地,小电势,介电泳力导致靠近胶体的极性更大的液体富集。然而,存在电荷(或电势)的临界值,在该临界值以上发生相分离转变,并且高介电常数和低介电常数组分之间的界面变得尖锐。给出了解析的和数值的组分分布,找到了平衡前沿位置与电荷或电压的函数关系,并利用简单的Cahn-Hilliard型方程研究了空间非均匀电场中相分离的动力学.我们发现一个指数松弛的组合物前的位置,与特征时间取决于收费,混合物的组成和环境温度。

英文摘要:

We study the thermodynamic behavior of nonpolar liquid mixtures in the vicinity of curved charged objects, such as electrodes or charged colloids. For small enough charge on the object, or equivalently, small potential, the dielectrophoretic force leads to enrichment of the more polar liquid close the colloid. However, there is a critical value of charge (or potential), above which a phase-separation transition occurs, and the interface between high- and low-dielectric constant components becomes sharp. Analytical and numerical composition profile are given, and the equilibrium front location as a function of charge or voltage is found. We further employ a simple Cahn-Hilliard type equation to study the dynamics of phase-separation in spatially nonuniform electric fields. We find an exponential relaxation of the composition front location, with a characteristic time depending on the charge, mixture composition and ambient temperature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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