SDSS J072910.34+333634.3 is a reddened quasar at z=0.96. The archivel Keck/ESI spectrum and our new P200/TripleSpec spectrum reveal an absorption line system in He I*, Ca II H\&K and Na ID. The absorption line system has a width of $\sim$600 km/s and a blueshift velocity of $\sim$800 km/s relative to the core of narrow emission lines, indicating an outflow. Using the Ca II doublet, we determined that the outflowing gas covers $\sim$70\% of the continuum. On the other hand, the HST/ACS image which taken in rest-frame 4130 Å show that the fraction of the quasar emission in ESI aperture was $<$40\%. We thus conclude that the absorbing gas covers a significant fraction of extended starlight emission, and the best-estimated fraction of $\sim$50\% yields a lower limit of the crosssectional area of the outflowing gas to be $>$8 kpc$^2$. The strong Na\&Ca absorption suggests that the absorbing gas is thick and mostly neutral, which is also supported by dust extinction $A_V\sim3$. Using the best-estimated hydrogen column density $N_H\sim3\times10^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$, the total mass of the outflowing gas is $>3\times10^9 M_\odot$. The outflow is likely to be driven by AGN because of the $\sim$800 km/s blueshift velocity, suggesting SDSS J072910.34+333634.3 is undergoing one of the most violent AGN feedback we have seen. In the future, one can find more such massive neutral gas outflows in other reddened quasars using similar method, and this can shed new light on the study of AGN feedback.
We report the discovery of highly reddening and hydrogen Balmer and metastable helium broad absorption lines in the quasar SDSS J145057.28+530007.6, based on the optical and near-infrared spectra taken from the SDSS-III/BOSS and the TripleSpec observations. The nuclear continuum, Balmer decrement and absorption-line depth analyses suggest that (1) the accretion disk is completely obscured and the covering factor of the broad-line region (BLR) is only $0.39\pm0.03$, (2) the power-law continuum is reddened by the SMC extinction law of $E(B-V )=0.72\pm 0.01$ mag and the dusty materials are mainly…
We present VLT-SINFONI near infra-red spectra of 26 new heavily reddened quasar candidates selected from the UKIDSS-LAS, VISTA VHS and VIKING imaging surveys. This new sample extends our reddened quasar search to both brighter and fainter luminosities. 25 of the 26 candidates are confirmed to be broad line quasars with redshifts $0.7<z<2.6$ and dust extinctions $0.5<E(B-V)<3.0$. Combining with previously identified samples, we study the H$α$, H$β$ and [OIII] emission line properties in 22 heavily reddened quasars with $L_{bol}\approx 10^{47}$ erg/s and $z>2$. We present the first comparison of…
We analyze the VLT/UVES spectrum of the quasar SDSS J143907.5-010616.7, retrieved from the UVES Spectral Quasar Absorption Database. We identify two outflow systems in the spectrum: a mini broad absorption line (mini-BAL) system and a narrow absorption line (NAL) system. We measure the ionic column densities of the mini-BAL ($v=-1550$ km s$^{-1}$) outflow, which has excited state absorption troughs of Fe II. We determine that the electron number density $\log{n_e}=3.4^{+0.1}_{-0.1}$ based on the ratios between the excited and ground state abundances of Fe II, and find the kinetic luminosity of…
We analyze VLT/UVES observations of the quasar SDSS J024221.87+004912.6. We identify four absorption outflow systems: a CIV BAL at $v\approx -18,000 \text{ km s}^{-1}$, and three narrower low-ionization systems with centroid velocities ranging from -1200 to -3500 km s$^{-1}$. These outflows show similar physical attributes to the [OIII] outflows studied by arXiv:1305.6922. We find that two of the systems are energetic enough to contribute to AGN feedback, with one system reaching above 5% of the quasar's Eddington luminosity. We also find that this system is at a distance of 67 kpc away from t…
We found a broad absorption line (BAL) outflow in the VLT/UVES spectrum of the quasar SDSS J235702.54-004824.0, in which we identified four subcomponents. We measured the column densities of the ions in one of the subcomponents ($v$ = -1600 km s$^{-1}$), which include O I and Fe II. We found the kinetic luminosity of this component to be at most ~2.4% of the quasar's Eddington luminosity. This is near the amount required to contribute to AGN feedback. We also examined the time-variability of a C IV mini-BAL found at $v$ = -8700 km s$^{-1}$, which shows a shallower and narrower absorption featu…
We present here a detailed analysis of an unusual absorption line system in the quasar SDSS J122826.79+100532.2. The absorption lines in the system have a common redshifted velocity structure starting from $v\sim0$ and extending to $\sim1,000\ \mathrm{km~s}^{-1}$, and are clearly detected in hydrogen Balmer series up to H$ι$, in metastable neutral helium triplet, and in optical lines of excited states of single ionized iron. We estimated that the absorber has a density $n_{\mathrm{H}}\approx10^{8.4}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ and an ionization parameter $U\approx10^{-1.2}$, thereupon located it at $r_…
We present the analysis of two outflows (S1 at --5500 km s$^{-1}$ and S2 at --9700 km s$^{-1}$) seen in recent HST/COS observations of quasar SDSS J0755+2306 (z = 0.854). The outflows are detected as absorption troughs from both high-ionization species, including N III, O III, and S IV, and very high-ionization species, including Ar VIII, Ne VIII, and Na IX. The derived photoionization solutions show that each outflow requires a two ionization-phase solution. For S1, troughs from S IV* and S IV allow us to derive an electron number density, $n_{e}$ = 1.8$\times$10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$, and its distan…
We present Bayesian AGN Decomposition Analysis for SDSS Spectra (BADASS), an open source spectral analysis code designed for automatic detailed deconvolution of AGN and host galaxy spectra, implemented in Python, and designed for the next generation of large scale surveys. BADASS simultaneously fits all spectral components, including power-law continuum, stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution, FeII emission, as well as forbidden (narrow), permitted (broad), and outflow emission line features, all performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo to obtain robust uncertainties and autocorrelation a…
Higher resolution optical spectra of $M_*<10^{10}~M_{\odot}$ galaxies reveal outflow signatures unresolved by the SDSS
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学理论天体物理研究所）；Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Augusto Righi, Università degli Studi di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学阿戈斯蒂诺·里吉物理与天文系）；INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站）；INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera（意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台）；INAF – Fundación Galileo Galilei（意大利国家天体物理研究所伽利略基金会）；Armagh Observatory and Planetarium（阿马赫天文馆与天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie（马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London（伦敦大学学院物理与天文系）；INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova（意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台）
We present a sample of 48 nearby galaxies with central, biconical outflows identified by the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey. All considered galaxies have star formation driven bi-conical central outflows (SFB), with no signs of AGN. We find that the SFB outflows require high central concentration of the star formation rate. This increases the gas velocity dispersion over the equilibrium limit and helps maintain the gas outflows. The central starbursts increase the metallicity, extinction, and the alpha/Fe ratio in the gas. Significant amount of young stellar population at the ce…
Broad absorption line (BAL) features in quasar spectra reveal an unambiguous signature of energetic outflows from central supermassive black holes, and thus BAL quasars are prime targets for investigating the potential process of luminous quasar feedback on galaxies. We analyzed the rest-UV spectrum of an "overlapping trough" iron low-ionization broad absorption line quasar (FeLoBAL) SDSS J135246.37+423923.5 using the novel spectral synthesis code SimBAL (Leighly et al. 2018) and discovered an extraordinarily fast and energetic BAL outflow. Our analysis revealed outflow velocities reaching $\s…
Using the integral field unit (IFU) data from Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, we collect a sample of 36 star forming galaxies that host galactic-scale outflows in ionized gas phase. The control sample is matched in the three dimensional parameter space of stellar mass, star formation rate and inclination angle. Concerning the global properties, the outflows host galaxies tend to have smaller size, more asymmetric gas disk, more active star formation in the center and older stellar population than the control galaxies. Comparing the stellar population propert…
We introduce SimBAL, a novel spectral-synthesis procedure that uses large grids of ionic column densities generated by the photoionization code Cloudy and a Bayesian model calibration to forward-model broad absorption line quasar spectra. We used SimBAL to analyze the HST COS spectrum of the low-redshift BALQ SDSS J085053.12+445122.5. SimBAL analysis yielded velocity-resolved information about the physical conditions of the absorbing gas. We found that the ionization parameter and column density increase, and the covering fraction decreases as a function of velocity. The total log column densi…
Galaxy-scale outflows are nowadays observed in many active galactic nuclei (AGNs); however, their characterisation in terms of (multi-) phase nature, amount of flowing material, effects on the host galaxy, is still unsettled. In particular, ionized gas mass outflow rate and related energetics are still affected by many sources of uncertainties. In this respect, outflowing gas plasma conditions, being largely unknown, play a crucial role. Taking advantage of the spectroscopic analysis results we obtained studying the X-ray/SDSS sample of 563 AGNs at z $<0.8$ presented in our companion paper, we…
The characterisation of galaxy-scale outflows in terms of their multi-phase nature, amount, and effects of flowing material is crucial to place constraints on models of galaxy evolution. This study can proceed only with the detailed investigation of individual targets. We present a spatially resolved spectroscopic optical data analysis of Mkn 848, a complex system consisting of two merging galaxies at z~0.04 that are separated 7.5 kpc (projected distance). Motivated by the presence of a multi-phase outflow in the north-west system revealed by the SDSS integrated spectrum, we analysed the publi…
The binary emission-line system, particularly the binary broad-line emission system, is considered the most effective indicator of the black hole binary. A plausible example of such a system, SDSS J153636.22+044127.0, was reported as the first known object with two hydrogen Balmer broad-line systems, which are interpreted to be the result of broad-line regions around a pair of black holes (Boroson \& Lauer 2009). Here, we show the follow-up optical and near-infrared spectral observations of SDSS J153636.22+044127.0 and its analogues. In these objects, the broad hydrogen Balmer and Paschen, He …
Multi-phase fast, massive outflows have been postulated to play a crucial role in galaxy evolution. The aim of this work is to constrain the nature and the fraction of outflowing gas in AGNs, as well as the nuclear conditions possibly at the origin of such phenomena. We present a large spectroscopic sample of X-ray detected SDSS AGNs at z <0.8. X-ray and optical flux ratio diagnostics are used to select the sample. Physical and kinematic characterisation are derived re-analysing optical (and X-ray) spectra. We derive the incidence of ionised (~40%) and atomic (< 1%) outflows covering a wide ra…
We present the analysis of the absorption troughs of six outflows observed in quasar SDSS J1130+0411 ($z \approx 3.98$) with radial velocities ranging from $-2400$ to $-15,400$ km s$^{-1}$. These spectra were taken with the Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph over the rest frame wavelength range of $1135-1890$ Å. In the main outflow system ($v \approx -3200$ km s$^{-1}$), we identify Fe II and several Fe II* absorption troughs as well as Si II and Si II* troughs, which we use to determine the electron number density $\log n_e = 2.6_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ cm$^{-3}$. Using t…
We find 132 face-on and low inclination galaxies with central star formation driven biconical gas outflows (FSFB) in the SDSS MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO) survey. The FSFB galaxies show either double peaked or broadened emission line profiles at their centres. The peak and maximum outflow velocities are 58 and 212 km/s, respectively. The gas velocity dispersion reveals a mild dependence on the central star formation surface density compatible with models of gas dispersion powered by the Jeans instability in gas clumps or by gas turbulence dissipation. We estimate the gas outflow rate…
Quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) whose spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are reddened by dust either in their host galaxies or in intervening absorber galaxies are to a large degree missed by optical color selection criteria like the one used by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). To overcome this bias against red QSOs, we employ a combined optical and near-infrared color selection. In this paper, we present a spectroscopic follow-up campaign of a sample of red candidate QSOs which were selected from the SDSS and the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The spectroscopic data and SDSS/UKID…
SDSS J1634+2049 is a local (z = 0.1293) infrared-luminous quasar with LIR= 10^11.91 Lsun. We present a detailed multiwavelength study of both the host galaxy and the nucleus. The host galaxy demonstrates violent, obscured star formation activities with SFR ~ 140 Msun yr^-1, estimated from either the PAH emission or IR luminosity. The optical to NIR spectra exhibit a blueshifted narrow cuspy component in Hb, HeI5876,10830 and other emission lines consistently with an offset velocity of ~900 km/s, as well as additional blueshifting phenomena in high-ionization lines , while there exist blueshift…
Stellar feedback-driven outflows regulate the stellar formation and chemical enrichment of galaxies, yet the underlying dependence of mass outflow rate on galaxy properties remains largely unknown. We develop a simple yet comprehensive non-equilibrium chemical evolution model~(NE-CEM) to constrain the mass-loading factor $η$ of outflows using the metallicity-stellar mass-SFR relation observed by SDSS at $z{=}0$. Our NE-CEM predicts the chemical enrichment by explicitly tracking both the histories of star formation and mass-loading. After exploring the EAGLE simulation, we discover a compact ye…
We present the ionized gas properties of infrared (IR)-bright dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) that show an extreme optical/IR color, $(i - [22])_{\rm AB} > 7.0$, selected with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). For 36 IR-bright DOGs that show [OIII]$λ$5007 emission in the SDSS spectra, we performed a detailed spectral analysis to investigate their ionized gas properties. In particular, we measured the velocity offset (the velocity with respect to the systemic velocity measured from the stellar absorption lines) and the velocity dispersion of the […
We conduct a systematic study of galactic outflows in star-forming galaxies at $z\sim0$-$2$ based on the absorption lines of optical spectra taken from SDSS DR7, DEEP2 DR4, and Keck Erb et al. We carefully make stacked spectra of homogeneous galaxy samples with similar stellar mass distributions at $z\sim0$-$2$, and perform the multi-component fitting of model absorption lines and stellar continua to the stacked spectra. We obtain the maximum ($v_\rm{max}$) and central ($v_\rm{out}$) outflow velocities, and estimate the mass loading factors ($η$), a ratio of the mass outflow rate to the star f…
It has been known for 20 years that the absorbing gas in broad absorption line quasars does not completely cover the continuum emission region, and that partial covering must be accounted for to accurately measure the column density of the outflowing gas. However, the nature of partial covering itself is not understood. Extrapolation of the SimBAL spectral synthesis model of the HST COS UV spectrum from SDSS J0850+4451 reported by Leighly et al. 2018 to non-simultaneous rest-frame optical and near-infrared spectra reveals evidence that the covering fraction has wavelength dependence, and is a …
Using high resolution VLT spectra, we study the multi-component outflow systems of two quasars exhibiting intrinsic Fe II absorption (QSO 2359-1241 and SDSS J0318-0600). From the extracted ionic column densities and using photoionization modeling we determine the gas density, total column density, and ionization parameter for several of the components. For each object the largest column density component is also the densest, and all other components have densities of roughly 1/4 of that of the main component. We demonstrate that all the absorbers lie roughly at the same distance from the sourc…
We present a detailed study of the optical and NIR emission and absorption line spectrum of the quasar SDSS J163345.22+512748.4. We discovered on the newly acquired NIR spectrum a highly meta-stable neutral helium broad absorption line (BAL) \heiozetz\ with a width of $\sim$ 2000 \kmps\ and a blueshift of $\sim$ 7000 \kmps\ in the velocity space. The BAL system is also significantly detected in \mgii\ and \heiteen. We estimate a column density of $(5.0 \pm 1.7) \times 10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ for the HeI*(2~$^3$S) level, and infer an ionization parameter of $U_{A} = 10^{-1.9\pm 0.2}$ for the BAL out…
The prevalence of outflow and feedback signatures in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is a major unresolved question which large integral field unit (IFU) surveys now allow to address. In this paper, we present a kinematic analysis of the ionised gas in 2778 galaxies at z $\sim$ 0.05 observed by SDSS-IV MaNGA. Specifically, we measure the kinematics of the [OIII] λ5007Å emission line in each spatial element and fit multiple Gaussian components to account for possible non-gravitational motions of gas. Comparing the kinematics of the ionised gas between 308 MaNGA-selected AGN that have been previous…
We performed spectroscopic observations of the small-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1001+5027, whose images have an angular separation $θ\sim 2.^{\!\!\prime\prime}86$, and placed constraints on the physical properties of gas clouds in the vicinity of the quasar (i.e., in the outflowing wind launched from the accretion disk). The two cylinders of sight to the two lensed images go through the same region of the outflowing wind and they become fully separated with no overlap at a very large distance from the source ($\sim 330$ pc). We discovered a clear difference in the profile of the CIV broad …
We report on deep XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the high redshift, z=2.94, extremely red quasar (ERQ), SDSS J165202.60+172852.4, with known galactic ionized outflows detected via spatially-resolved [OIII] emission lines. X-ray observations allow us to directly probe the accretion disk luminosity and the geometry and scale of the circumnuclear obscuration. We fit the spectra from the XMM-Newton/EPIC and NuSTAR detectors with a physically motivated torus model and constrain the source to exhibit a near Compton-thick column density of $N_H=(1.02^{+0.76}_{-0.41})\times10^{24}\textrm{ cm}^{…
The shape of emission lines in the optical spectra of star-forming galaxies reveals the kinematics of the diffuse gaseous component. We analyse the shape of prominent emission lines in a sample of ~53,000 star-forming galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, focusing on departures from gaussianity. Departures from a single gaussian profile allow us to probe the motion of gas and to assess the role of outflows. The sample is divided into groups according to their stellar velocity dispersion and star formation rate. The spectra within each group are stacked to improve the signal-to-noise rati…
Ionised gas outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) are ubiquitous in high luminosity AGN with outflow speeds apparently correlated with the total bolometric luminosity of the AGN. This empirical relation and theoretical work suggest that in the range L_bol ~ 10^43-45 erg/s there must exist a threshold luminosity above which the AGN becomes powerful enough to launch winds that will be able to escape the galaxy potential. In this paper, we present pilot observations of two AGN in this transitional range that were taken with the Gemini North Multi-Object Spectrograph Integral Field Unit …
We investigate the properties of star formation-driven outflows by using a large spectroscopic sample of ~160,000 local "normal" star forming galaxies, drawn from the SDSS, spanning a wide range of star formation rates and stellar masses. The galaxy sample is divided into a fine grid of bins in the M_*-SFR parameter space, for each of which we produce a composite spectrum by stacking together the SDSS spectra of the galaxies contained in that bin. We exploit the high signal-to-noise of the stacked spectra to study the emergence of faint features of optical emission lines that may trace galacti…
Broad emission-line outflows of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have been proposed for many years but are very difficult to quantitatively study because of the coexistence of the gravitationally-bound and outflow emission. We present detailed analysis of a heavily reddened quasar, SDSS J000610.67+121501.2, whose normal ultraviolet (UV) broad emission lines (BELs) are heavily suppressed by the Dusty Torus as a natural "Coronagraph", thus the blueshifted BELs (BBELs) can be reliably measured. The physical properties of the emission-line outflows are derived as follows: ionization parameter $U \sim…
A Population of Little Red Dot-like Quasars in SDSS
Dartmouth College（达特茅斯学院）；The Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学）；Durham University（杜伦大学）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心）；Oak Ridge Associated Universities（橡树岭联合大学）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
We report the discovery of unusual broad absorption lines (BALs) in the bright quasar SDSS J075133.35+134548.3 at z~1, and present a detailed study of BAL and emission lines using the archived and newly obtained optical and NIR spectroscopic data. The BALs are detected tentatively in Mg II, Al III and reliably in HeI*3889, HeI*10830, which show complexed velocity structures splitting into two components: a high-velocity component (HV), with a blueshifted velocity range of -9300 ~ -3500 km/s, can be reliably detected tentatively in Mg II, Al III and reliably in HeI* 10830, whereas it is undetec…
We present UV to NIR spectroscopic observations of the quasar J0015+1842 and its proximate molecular absorber at z=2.631. The [OIII] emission line of the quasar is composed of a broad (FWHM~1600 km/s), spatially-unresolved component, blueshifted by ~600 km/s from a narrow, spatially-resolved component (FWHM~650 km/s). The wide, blueshifted, unresolved component is consistent with the presence of outflowing gas in the nuclear region. The narrow component can be further decomposed into a blue and a red blob with velocity width of several hundred km/s each, seen ~5 pkpc on opposite spatial locati…
We report the kinematic shift of the C IV broad absorption line (BAL) in quasar SDSS J120819.29+035559.4 (hereafter J1208+0355). This quasar shows two BAL systems, including a blue component of system A at $\sim$-23500$\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ that shows a kinematic shift of -1166$\pm$65$\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$, and a red component of system B at $\sim$-7000$\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ that can be decomposed into several narrow absorption lines (NALs). First, we confirm that the most likely cause for the equivalent width variations of the absorption lines (at least for system B) in J1208+0355 is the ionization chang…
We present a detailed analysis of the Astrophysical Research Consortium 3.5 m telescope spectrum of QSO SDSS J0838+2955. The object shows three broad absorption line (BAL) systems at 22,000, 13,000, and 4900 km s^-1 blueshifted from the systemic redshift of z=2.043. Of particular interest is the lowest velocity system that displays absorption from low-ionization species such as Mg II, Al II, Si II, Si II*, Fe II and Fe II*. Accurate column densities were measured for all transitions in this lowest velocity BAL using an inhomogeneous absorber model. The ratio of column densities of Si II* and F…
Outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) are expected to have a significant impact on the host galaxy evolution, but it is still debated how they are accelerated and propagate on galaxy-wide scales. This work addresses these questions by studying the link between X-ray, nuclear ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) and extended ionised outflows, for the first time in two quasars close to the peak of AGN activity ($z\sim2$), where AGN feedback is expected to be more effective. As targets, we selected two multiple-lensed quasars at $z\sim1.5$, HS 0810+2554 and SDSS J1353+1138, known to host UFOs and…
The search and study of close pairs of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is important in the study of galaxy mergers which can possibly trigger active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, and in the context of their evolution into the gravitational wave emitting regime. The quasar SDSS~J1048+0055 was identified as a SMBH binary candidate based on the observed double-peaked \OIII$λλ$4959,5007 emission lines and two distinct radio components separated by $\sim 20$~pc \citep{2004ApJ...604L..33Z}. To ascertain the binary nature of this source, we analyzed multi-frequency, multi-epoch very long baseline…
Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) is well known for providing detailed insight of extended sources thanks to the possibility of handling space resolved spectroscopic information. Simple and straightforward analysis such as single line fitting yield interesting results, although it might miss a more complete picture in many cases. Violent star forming regions, such as starburst galaxies, display very complex emission line profiles due to multiple kinematic components superposed in the line of sight. We perform a spatially resolved kinematical study of a single Green Pea (GP) galaxy, SDSSJ083843…
We study the geometry and the internal structure of the outflowing wind from the accretion disk of a quasar by observing multiple sightlines with the aid of strong gravitational lensing. Using Subaru/HDS, we performed high-resolution ($R$ $\sim$ 36,000) spectroscopic observations of images A and B of the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1029+2623 (at $z_{em}$ $\sim$ 2.197) whose image separation angle, $θ$ $\sim$ 22$^{\prime\prime}\!\!$.5, is the largest among those discovered so far. We confirm that the difference in absorption profiles in the images A and B discovered by Misawa et al. (20…
Dense Ionized Outflow with Five Narrow Components in a Dust-obscured Galaxy
Ehime University（爱媛大学）；Amanogawa Galaxy Astronomy Research Center, Kagoshima University（鹿儿大学银河天文学研究中心）；Ritsumeikan University（立命馆大学）；Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics（中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所）；Kobe University（神户大学）
This paper presents a detection of significant velocity offset between emission and absorption lines for a dual core system in SDSS~J155708.82+273518.74 (= SDSS~J1557). The photometric image of SDSS~J1557 exhibits clear two cores with a projected separation of $\sim$2.2 arcseconds (4.9 kpc) determined by GALFIT. Based on the applications of the commonly accepted pPXF code with 636 theoretical SSP templates, the host galaxy contribution can be well determined. Then, the emission line features of SDSS~J1557 can be well measured after subtraction of host starlight. It is found that the velocity o…
In our previous work, we found that only two scenarios are capable of reproducing the observed integrated mass-metallicity relations for the gas and stellar components of local star-forming galaxies simultaneously. One scenario invokes a time-dependent metal outflow loading factor with stronger outflows at early times. The other scenario uses a time-dependent IMF slope with a steeper IMF at early times. In this work, we extend our study to investigate the radial profile of gas and stellar metallicity in local star-forming galaxies using spatially resolved spectroscopic data from the SDSS-IV Ma…
We investigate Extremely Red Quasars (ERQs), a remarkable population of heavily-reddened quasars at redshift z$\sim$2 - 3 that might be caught during a short-lived 'blow-out' phase of quasar/galaxy evolution. We perform a near-IR observational campaign using Keck/NIRSPEC, VLT/X-shooter and Gemini/GNIRS to measure rest-frame optical spectra of 28 ERQs with median infrared luminosity $\langle$log L(erg/s)$\rangle$ $\sim$46.2. They exhibit the broadest and most blue-shifted [OIII] $λ$4959,5007 emission lines ever reported, with widths (w90) ranging between 2053 and 7227 km/s, and maximum outflow …
We study the distribution and kinematics of the cool circumgalactic medium (CGM) of emission line galaxies (ELGs) traced by metal absorption lines. Using about 200,000 ELGs from SDSS-IV eBOSS and half a million background quasars from SDSS, we measure the median absorption strength of MgII and FeII lines in quasar spectra for impact parameters ranging from 10 kpc to 1 Mpc. For comparison we measure the same quantity around luminous red galaxies (LRGs). On scales greater than 100 kpc both ELGs and LRGs exhibit similar absorption profiles. However, metal absorption is 5-10 times stronger around …
We measure the location and energetics of a SIV BALQSO outflow. This ouflow has a velocity of 10,800 km s$^{-1}$ and a kinetic luminosity of $10^{45.7}$ erg s$^{-1}$, which is 5.2% of the Eddington luminosity of the quasar. From collisional excitation models of the observed SIV$/$SIV* absorption troughs, we measure a hydrogen number density of $n_\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle H}=10^{4.3}$ cm$^{-3}$, which allows us to determine that the outflow is located 110 pc from the quasar. Since SIV is formed in the same ionization phase as CIV, our results can be generalized to the ubiquitous CIV BALs. Our…
Aims: We used 12,530 photometrically-selected blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to estimate the total extinction of the Milky Way at the high Galactic latitudes, $R_V$ and $A_V$ in each line of sight. Methods: A Bayesian method was developed to estimate the reddening values in the given lines of sight. Based on the most likely values of reddening in multiple colors, we were able to derive the values of $R_V$ and $A_V$. Results: We selected 94 zero-reddened BHB stars from seven globular clusters as the template. The reddening in the four SDSS colors for…
How can we discover objects we did not know existed within the large datasets that now abound in astronomy? We present an outlier detection algorithm that we developed, based on an unsupervised Random Forest. We test the algorithm on more than two million galaxy spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and examine the 400 galaxies with the highest outlier score. We find objects which have extreme emission line ratios and abnormally strong absorption lines, objects with unusual continua, including extremely reddened galaxies. We find galaxy-galaxy gravitational lenses, double-peaked emission l…
We report a synchronized kinematic shift of CIV and SiIV broad absorption lines (BAL) in a high-ionization, radio-loud, and X-ray bright quasar SDSS-J092345+512710 (at $z_{em} \sim 2.1627$). This quasar shows two broad absorption components (blue component at $v \sim 14,000\ km\ s^{-1}$, and red component at $v \sim 4,000\ km\ s^{-1}$ with respect to the quasars systemic redshift). The absorption profiles of CIV and SiIV BAL of the blue component show decrease in outflow velocity with an average deceleration rate of $-1.62_{-0.05}^{+0.04}\ cm\ s^{-2}$ and $-1.14^{+0.21}_{-0.22}\ cm\ s^{-2}$ ov…
We report, for the first time, a synchronized velocity shift of Mg II and Al III broad absorption lines (BALs) in quasar SDSS J134444.33+315007.6 (hereafter J1344+3150). We found this quasar from a sample of 134 Mg II BAL quasars with multi-epoch observations. This quasar contains three low-ionization BAL systems, the fastest of which at $\sim$$-17, 000\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ shows a kinematic shift of $\sim$$-1101\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ and $\sim$$-1170\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ in its Mg II and Al III ions, respectively, during a rest-frame time of about 3.21 yr. Meanwhile, this quasar also shows other various v…
Although now routinely incorporated into hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy evolution, the true importance of the feedback effect of the outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) remains uncertain from an observational perspective. This is due to a lack of accurate information on the densities, radial scales and level of dust extinction of the outflow regions. Here we use the unique capabilities of VLT/Xshooter to investigate the warm outflows in a representative sample of 9 local (0.06 $<$ z $<$ 0.15) ULIRGs with AGN nuclei and, for the first time, accurately quantify the key outflow pr…
