Using high resolution VLT spectra, we study the multi-component outflow systems of two quasars exhibiting intrinsic Fe II absorption (QSO 2359-1241 and SDSS J0318-0600). From the extracted ionic column densities and using photoionization modeling we determine the gas density, total column density, and ionization parameter for several of the components. For each object the largest column density component is also the densest, and all other components have densities of roughly 1/4 of that of the main component. We demonstrate that all the absorbers lie roughly at the same distance from the source. Further, we calculate the total kinetic luminosities and mass outflow rates of all components and show that these quantities are dominated by the main absorption component.
We measure the location and energetics of a SIV BALQSO outflow. This ouflow has a velocity of 10,800 km s$^{-1}$ and a kinetic luminosity of $10^{45.7}$ erg s$^{-1}$, which is 5.2% of the Eddington luminosity of the quasar. From collisional excitation models of the observed SIV$/$SIV* absorption troughs, we measure a hydrogen number density of $n_\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle H}=10^{4.3}$ cm$^{-3}$, which allows us to determine that the outflow is located 110 pc from the quasar. Since SIV is formed in the same ionization phase as CIV, our results can be generalized to the ubiquitous CIV BALs. Our…
The VLT Survey Telescope (VST) ATLAS is an optical ugriz survey aiming to cover ~4700deg^2 of the Southern sky to similar depths as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). From reduced images and object catalogues provided by the Cambridge Astronomical Surveys Unit we first find that the median seeing ranges from 0.8 arcsec FWHM in i to 1.0 arcsec in u, significantly better than the 1.2-1.5 arcsec seeing for SDSS. The 5 sigma magnitude limit for stellar sources is r_AB=22.7 and in all bands these limits are at least as faint as SDSS. SDSS and ATLAS are more equivalent for galaxy photometry except…
Quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) whose spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are reddened by dust either in their host galaxies or in intervening absorber galaxies are to a large degree missed by optical color selection criteria like the one used by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). To overcome this bias against red QSOs, we employ a combined optical and near-infrared color selection. In this paper, we present a spectroscopic follow-up campaign of a sample of red candidate QSOs which were selected from the SDSS and the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The spectroscopic data and SDSS/UKID…
Constraining the Variation in Fine-Structure Constant Using SDSS DR8 QSO Spectra
我们报告了对精细结构常数α = e^2/（hbar*c）的可能变化的一个强有力的限制，α = e^2/（hbar*c）是用O III 4959，5007类星体的星云发射线得到的。我们发现Δ-α/α =-（2.1 +/- 1.6）x 10^（-5）是基于斯隆数字巡天数据第8版中精心挑选的2347个类星体样本，其中0.02 < z < 0.74。我们的结果与在大约7 Gyr的2 x 10^（-5）水平上的不变α相一致。这是迄今为止用于限制阿尔法变化的河外天体的最大样本。虽然这种约束不像使用多重峰方法确定的约束那样严格，但它不受各种系统效应的影响。与之前的研究（Bahcall et al. 2004）相比，此处实现的Δ-α/α改善约为4倍，这与基于此处使用的14倍大样本的预期一致。这表明误差主要由统计不确定性决定。我们还发现对应于O III 5007 A和4959 A谱线的跃迁几率比为2.933+/-0.002，与美国国家标准与技术研究所的测量结果非常一致。
We present the mean spectral energy distribution (SED) of a sample of optically selected quasars (QSOs) at redshifts of $1 \le z \le 5$. To derive it, we exploit photometric information from SDSS, UKIDSS, and WISE surveys in combination with a stacking analysis of \textit{Herschel}, \textit{AKARI}, and \textit{Planck} maps at the location of the QSOs. The near-UV and optical parts of the reconstructed mean rest-frame SED are similar to those found in other studies. However, the SED shows an excess at 1-2 $μ$m (when compared to the aforementioned SEDs normalized in the near-UV) and a prominent …
SDSS J2222+2745, at z = 0.489, is one of the few currently known lens clusters with multiple images of a background (z = 2.801) quasar with measured time delays. We combine imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) with recent Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectroscopic data to securely identify 34 cluster members and 12 multiple images from 3 background sources. We measure the stellar velocity dispersions of 13 cluster galaxies, enabling an independent estimate of the contribution of the sub-halo mass component to the lens total mass. The projected total mass distribution of th…
We present a strong lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster SDSS J1029+2623 at $z=0.588$, one of the few currently known lens clusters with multiple images of a background ($z=2.1992$) quasar with a measured time delay. We use archival Hubble Space Telescope multi-band imaging and new Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer follow-up spectroscopy to build an accurate lens mass model, a crucial step towards future cosmological applications. The spectroscopic data enable the secure identification of 57 cluster members and of two nearby perturbers along the line-of-sight. We estimate the inner kinematic…
We investigate the origin of the FIR continuum of SDSS J1148+5251, using it as a prototype for the more general class of high-luminosity high-redshift QSOs. We run the radiative transfer code TRADING to follow the transfer of radiation from the central source and from stellar sources through the dusty environment of the host galaxy. The model is based on the output of the semi-analytical merger tree code, GAMETE/QSOdust, which enables to predict the evolution of the host galaxy and of its nuclear black hole, following the star formation history and chemical evolution -- including dust -- in al…
Environment or Outflows? New insight into the origin of narrow associated QSO absorbers
最近对类星体光谱中窄吸收线系统的详细研究表明，至少有50%的类星体具有与中心引擎相关的窄吸收线，并且在大多数情况下，它们被发现是向外流出的。对NAL的研究是否会为无处不在的类星体反馈提供大量证据，从而阻止星系中恒星的形成？我提出了新的结果分布的视线之间的速度偏移的MgII吸收剂和他们的背景类星体，基于一个大的目录的吸收剂从SDSS DR 6和大大改善类星体红移的估计。我的分析揭示了一个高速人口的MgII NALS延伸到至少6000公里/秒的类星体，这不能归因于集群的本地星系，类似于最近观察到的CIV吸收器。在类星体的强电离场中存在这种低电离气体云表明，我们可能确实目睹了气体的机械排出，以及先前观察到的加热。我还表明，有一个显着过剩的低速MgII NALS在无线电响亮的类星体相比，无线电安静的类星体。在不久的将来，改进的类星体聚类结果将使我们能够判断这是由于环境还是反馈效应。
The recent compilation of quasar (QSO) X-ray and UV flux measurements include QSOs that appear to not be standardizable via the X-ray luminosity and UV luminosity ($L_X-L_{UV}$) relation and so should not be used to constrain cosmological model parameters. Here we show that the largest of seven sub-samples in this compilation, the SDSS-4XMM QSOs that contribute about 2/3 of the total QSOs, have $L_X-L_{UV}$ relations that depend on the cosmological model assumed and also on redshift, and is the main cause of the similar problem discovered earlier for the full QSO compilation. The second and th…
The quasar target selection for the upcoming survey of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) will be fixed for the next five years. The aim of this work is to validate the quasar selection by studying the impact of imaging systematics as well as stellar and galactic contaminants, and to develop a procedure to mitigate them. Density fluctuations of quasar targets are found to be related to photometric properties such as seeing and depth of the Data Release 9 of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. To model this complex relation, we explore machine learning algorithms (Random Forest and Mu…
