扩束器测试X射线设备（BEaTriX）的设计和发展状况
Design and advancement status of the Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility (BEaTriX)
摘要：
BEaTriX（扩束器测试X射线设施）项目是国家原子能研究所/原子能机构正在建造的一台X射线设备，目的是在一个小型实验室（6 x 15平方米）内产生宽（200 x 60平方毫米）、均匀和低发散的X射线束。BEaTriX将由一个聚焦的X射线源、一个掠入射抛物面镜组成，以获得平行光束，然后是一个晶体单色系统和一个非对称切割衍射晶体，以将光束扩展到所需尺寸。一旦完成，BEaTriX将用于直接执行大型X射线光学系统聚焦模块的质量控制，例如ATHENA X射线天文台的聚焦模块，（基线）或塌陷玻璃光学器件（可替代的），并且由此将使得能够在短时间内对多个反射镜模块上的角分辨率和有效面积进行直接质量控制，在完全X射线照射下并且不受X射线源的有限距离的影响。然而，由于ATHENA的单个反射镜模块将具有3-4 arcsec HEW或更好的光学质量，BEaTriX需要产生发散度低于1-2 arcsec的宽光束，以及足够的通量来快速表征模块的PSF，而不会受到统计不确定性的显著影响。因此，BEaTriX的光学元件必须选择和/或制造成具有优异的光学性能，以保证系统的最终性能。在本文中，我们报告的设施和详细的性能模拟的最终设计。
英文摘要：
The BEaTriX (Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility) project is an X-ray apparatus under construction at INAF/OAB to generate a broad (200 x 60 mm2), uniform and low-divergent X-ray beam within a small lab (6 x 15 m2). BEaTriX will consist of an X-ray source in the focus a grazing incidence paraboloidal mirror to obtain a parallel beam, followed by a crystal monochromation system and by an asymmetrically-cut diffracting crystal to perform the beam expansion to the desired size. Once completed, BEaTriX will be used to directly perform the quality control of focusing modules of large X-ray optics such as those for the ATHENA X-ray observatory, based on either Silicon Pore Optics (baseline) or Slumped Glass Optics (alternative), and will thereby enable a direct quality control of angular resolution and effective area on a number of mirror modules in a short time, in full X-ray illumination and without being affected by the finite distance of the X-ray source. However, since the individual mirror modules for ATHENA will have an optical quality of 3-4 arcsec HEW or better, BEaTriX is required to produce a broad beam with divergence below 1-2 arcsec, and sufficient flux to quickly characterize the PSF of the module without being significantly affected by statistical uncertainties. Therefore, the optical components of BEaTriX have to be selected and/or manufactured with excellent optical properties in order to guarantee the final performance of the system. In this paper we report the final design of the facility and a detailed performance simulation.
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