BEaTriX，用于测试望远镜光学模块元件的扩展X射线束设施：更新
BEaTriX, expanded X-ray beam facility for testing modular elements of telescope optics: an update
摘要：
本文介绍了BEaTriX（Beam Expander Testing X射线设备）设计的最新进展，BEaTriX是一种将在INAF/OAB实现的X射线设备，它将产生一束扩展的、均匀的和平行的软X射线。BEaTriX将用于对大型X射线光学器件的X射线聚焦模块进行功能测试，例如用于ATHENA X射线观测站的模块，使用硅孔光学器件（SPO）作为基线技术，并使用塌陷玻璃光学器件（SGO）作为可能的替代技术。在X射线中执行测试提供了对由工业连续生产的光学模块进行原位波长质量控制的优点，从而执行具有最佳角分辨率的模块的选择，并且在SPO的情况下，还存在直接在X射线下对准抛物线和双曲线堆叠以使像差最小化的有趣的可能性。然而，为了测量预期达到约4角秒的角分辨率的反射镜元件，需要发散度低于2角秒的平行光束，因为ATHENA对整个望远镜的要求是5角秒。在模块化光学器件的典型孔径上的这种低发散将需要将X射线源定位在几公里长的真空管中。相比之下，BEaTriX将足够紧凑（5 m x 14 m），可以容纳在小型实验室中，将产生60 mm x 200 mm宽的扩展X射线光束，其特征在于非常低的发散度（1.5 arcsec HEW）、强极化、高均匀性和X射线能量可在1.5 keV和4.5 keV之间选择。在这项工作中，我们描述了BEaTriX布局，并显示性能模拟的X射线能量为4.5千电子伏。
英文摘要：
We present in this paper an update on the design of BEaTriX (Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility), an X-ray apparatus to be realized at INAF/OAB and that will generate an expanded, uniform and parallel beam of soft X-rays. BEaTriX will be used to perform the functional tests of X-ray focusing modules of large X-ray optics such as those for the ATHENA X-ray observatory, using the Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) as a baseline technology, and Slumped Glass Optics (SGO) as a possible alternative. Performing the tests in X-rays provides the advantage of an in-situ, at-wavelength quality control of the optical modules produced in series by the industry, performing a selection of the modules with the best angular resolution, and, in the case of SPOs, there is also the interesting possibility to align the parabolic and the hyperbolic stacks directly under X-rays, to minimize the aberrations. However, a parallel beam with divergence below 2 arcsec is necessary in order to measure mirror elements that are expected to reach an angular resolution of about 4 arcsec, since the ATHENA requirement for the entire telescope is 5 arcsec. Such a low divergence over the typical aperture of modular optics would require an X-ray source to be located in a several kilometers long vacuum tube. In contrast, BEaTriX will be compact enough (5 m x 14 m) to be housed in a small laboratory, will produce an expanded X-ray beam 60 mm x 200 mm broad, characterized by a very low divergence (1.5 arcsec HEW), strong polarization, high uniformity, and X-ray energy selectable between 1.5 keV and 4.5 keV. In this work we describe the BEaTriX layout and show a performance simulation for the X-ray energy of 4.5 keV.
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