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arXiv 1610.04741math.CO
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使用少量障碍物绘制图形

Drawing graphs using a small number of obstacles

Martin Balko, Josef Cibulka, Pavel Valtr

摘要:

图$G$的障碍表示是表示$G$的顶点的平面中的点的集合,连同多边形障碍的集合,使得当且仅当对应点之间的线段避开所有障碍时,$G$的两个顶点通过$G$中的边连接。$G$的障碍数${\rm obs}(G)$是$G$的障碍表示中的障碍的最小数目。通过证明每个$n$ -顶点图$G$满足${\rm obs}(G) \leq n\lceil\log{n}\rceil-n+1$,给出了图的障碍数的第一个非平凡一般上界.这反驳了Mukkamala、Pach和Pálvölgyi的一个猜想。对于色数有界的$n$ -顶点图,我们将此界改进为$O(n)$ .即使要求障碍物是凸的,这两个界限也适用。我们还证明了一个下界$2^{Ω(hn)}$的$n$顶点图的障碍数最多$h$的$h<n$和一个下界$Ω(n^{4/3}M^{2/3})$的复杂性收集的$M \geq Ω(n\log^{3/2}{n})$面临的安排线段与$n$端点。后一个界限紧到一个乘法常数。

英文摘要:

An obstacle representation of a graph $G$ is a set of points in the plane representing the vertices of $G$, together with a set of polygonal obstacles such that two vertices of $G$ are connected by an edge in $G$ if and only if the line segment between the corresponding points avoids all the obstacles. The obstacle number ${\rm obs}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number of obstacles in an obstacle representation of $G$. We provide the first non-trivial general upper bound on the obstacle number of graphs by showing that every $n$-vertex graph $G$ satisfies ${\rm obs}(G) \leq n\lceil\log{n}\rceil-n+1$. This refutes a conjecture of Mukkamala, Pach, and Pálvölgyi. For $n$-vertex graphs with bounded chromatic number, we improve this bound to $O(n)$. Both bounds apply even when the obstacles are required to be convex. We also prove a lower bound $2^{Ω(hn)}$ on the number of $n$-vertex graphs with obstacle number at most $h$ for $h<n$ and a lower bound $Ω(n^{4/3}M^{2/3})$ for the complexity of a collection of $M \geq Ω(n\log^{3/2}{n})$ faces in an arrangement of line segments with $n$ endpoints. The latter bound is tight up to a multiplicative constant.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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