arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1609.02567astro-ph.GA
收藏

用星系中高密度气体示踪剂约束云参数

Constraining cloud parameters using high density gas tracers in galaxies

M. V. Kazandjian, I. Pelupessy, R. Meijerink, F. P. Israel, C. M. Coppola, M. J. F. Rosenberg, M. Spaans

摘要:

远红外分子辐射是理解恒星形成星系星际介质中气体激发机制的重要工具。在目前的工作中,我们模拟了临界密度n >~ 10^4 cm-3的转动跃迁的辐射。在银河系尺度上,除了HCN、HNC和HCO+的J <= 7-6跃迁外,还包括CO和~(13)CO的4-3 < J <= 15-14跃迁。我们这样做是通过重新采样的高密度气体在一个流体动力学模型的气体丰富的磁盘星系,假设模型星系的星际介质的密度场如下的概率密度函数(PDF)推断从解决低密度尺度。我们发现,在窄气体密度PDF中,平均密度约为10 cm-3,密度对数的离散度σ= 2.1,大部分分子线发射来自10-1000 cm-3的部分PDF。我们构建了银河系中心2kpc的合成发射图,并使用一个光解离区(PDR)模型拟合了CO和13 CO的线比J = 15-14,以及HCN,HNC和HCO+的线比J = 7-6。我们的属性的一个组件适合我们的模型星系的光度分布,作为密度的函数,在气体密度在10和1000 cm-3之间达到峰值的事实。我们探讨了不同对数正态密度PDF对作为密度函数的线光度分布的影响,并表明,为了从n > 10^4 cm-3的气体中获得显著的发射,需要有一个宽的色散,对应于马赫数> 30。这样的马赫数在恒星形成星系、LIRGS和ULIRGS中是可以预期的。通过用机械加热的PDR对LIRGS和ULIRGS样品进行HCN(1-0)、HNC(1-0)和HCO+(1-0)的线比拟合,我们将这些星系的马赫数限制在29 < M < 77。

英文摘要:

Far-infrared molecular emission is an important tool used to understand the excitation mechanisms of the gas in the inter-stellar medium of star-forming galaxies. In the present work, we model the emission from rotational transitions with critical densities n >~ 10^4 cm-3. We include 4-3 < J <= 15-14 transitions of CO and 13CO, in addition to J <= 7-6 transitions of HCN, HNC, and HCO+ on galactic scales. We do this by re-sampling high density gas in a hydrodynamic model of a gas-rich disk galaxy, assuming that the density field of the interstellar medium of the model galaxy follows the probability density function (PDF) inferred from the resolved low density scales. We find that in a narrow gas density PDF, with a mean density of ~10 cm-3 and a dispersion σ= 2.1 in the log of the density, most of the emission of molecular lines, emanates from the 10-1000 cm-3 part of the PDF. We construct synthetic emission maps for the central 2 kpc of the galaxy and fit the line ratios of CO and 13CO up to J = 15-14, as well as HCN, HNC, and HCO+ up to J = 7-6, using one photo-dissociation region (PDR) model. We attribute the goodness of the one component fits for our model galaxy to the fact that the distribution of the luminosity, as a function of density, is peaked at gas densities between 10 and 1000 cm-3. We explore the impact of different log-normal density PDFs on the distribution of the line-luminosity as a function of density, and we show that it is necessary to have a broad dispersion, corresponding to Mach numbers >~ 30 in order to obtain significant emission from n > 10^4 cm-3 gas. Such Mach numbers are expected in star-forming galaxies, LIRGS, and ULIRGS. By fitting line ratios of HCN(1-0), HNC(1-0), and HCO+(1-0) for a sample of LIRGS and ULIRGS using mechanically heated PDRs, we constrain the Mach number of these galaxies to 29 < M < 77.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑