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arXiv 1701.04822astro-ph.GA
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HCN 1-0与银河系中心致密气体质量关系中散射的起源

Origins of Scatter in the Relationship Between HCN 1-0 and Dense Gas Mass in the Galactic Center

E. A. C. Mills, C. Battersby

摘要:

我们研究了星系中心HCN 1-0与致密气体质量的相关性.我们发现,在一般情况下(1 - 0 pc大小的规模的个别分子云核心)HCN 1-0是很好的相关性与致密的分子气体质量使用标准的对数-对数关系。然而,在这种环境中的个体云显示出与这种关系的系统性偏差,导致大约0.75 dex的散射。最值得注意的是,银河系中心质量最大的星云Sgr B2,其HCN 1-0的积分强度不到其质量的一半,而其他几个星云,包括GCM-0.02-0.07,相对于类似质量的星云,HCN 1-0的强度增强了2-3倍。我们还发现,对于给定质量,在中心300秒差距的大规模漫发射中,与来自单个云核的致密发射相比,HCN 1-0的强度更大。我们确定了HCN 1-0和致密气体质量之间关系的两个主要散射源是自吸收(这降低了Sgr B2观测到的HCN 1-0强度)和HCN丰度的变化,这似乎增加了GCM-0.02-0.07和其他云层中HCN 1-0的亮度。我们发现,这些散射源只会导致银河系中心HCN 1-0强度推断的致密气体质量的~ 1 - 0%误差。然而,银河系中心云之间的HCN丰度变化的数量级,以及这些变化的系统性,警告在更极端的环境中,如活动星系核和激波主导的地区,使用HCN作为致密气体质量示踪剂的潜在偏差。最后,我们还研究了在3 mm附近具有过渡的其他示踪剂,发现HNCO,HNC和HCO+在很大程度上表现得像HCN,而HC 3 N和CH 3CN是像Sgr B2这样的云中气体量的高保真示踪剂,其遭受HCN 1-0线的强自吸收。[删节]

英文摘要:

We investigate the correlation of HCN 1-0 with dense gas mass in the Galactic center. We find that in general (on the ~10 pc size scale of individual molecular cloud cores) HCN 1-0 is well correlated with the dense molecular gas mass using a standard log-log relationship. However individual clouds in this environment show systematic deviations from this relationship that contribute to around 0.75 dex of scatter. Most notably, Sgr B2, the most massive cloud in the Galactic center, has an integrated HCN 1-0 intensity of cloud less than half its mass, and several other clouds including GCM-0.02-0.07 show an enhancement of HCN 1-0 by a factor of 2-3 relative to clouds of comparable mass. We also find that HCN 1-0 is more intense for a given mass in the large-scale diffuse emission in the central 300 parsecs compared to the compact emission from individual cloud cores. We identify the two primary sources of scatter in the relationship between HCN 1-0 and dense gas mass to be self-absorption (which reduces the observed HCN 1-0 intensity of Sgr B2) and variations in HCN abundance, which appear to increase the brightness of HCN 1-0 in GCM-0.02-0.07 and other clouds. We find that these sources of scatter would only contribute to an ~10% error in the dense gas mass inferred from the HCN 1-0 intensity in the Galactic center. However, the implied order of magnitude HCN abundance variations between Galactic center clouds, and the systematic nature of these variations warn of potential biases in the use of HCN as dense gas mass tracer in more extreme environments, such as AGN and shock-dominated regions. Finally, we also investigate other tracers having transitions near 3 mm, finding that HNCO, HNC and HCO+ largely behave like HCN, while HC3N, and CH3CN are higher fidelity tracers of the amount of gas in clouds like Sgr B2 that suffer from strong self-absorption of the HCN 1-0 line. [abridged]

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