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arXiv 2301.07623astro-ph.GA
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英仙座分子云的完整HCN巡天

A Complete HCN Survey of the Perseus Molecular Cloud

T. M. Dame, Charles J. Lada

摘要:

我们提出了一个调查英仙座分子云的J $=$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 0过渡的HCN,广泛使用的示踪剂的致密分子气体。测量是用CfA 1.2米望远镜进行的,该望远镜在89千兆赫时的波束宽度为11“,光谱分辨率为0.85公里/秒$^{-1}$。在均匀的10'网格上测量了总共8.1 °的$^2$,每个通道的灵敏度为14 mK。为了研究和校准作为致密气体示踪剂的HCN线,将该调查与CO和粉尘的类似调查进行了比较。我们发现HCN的排放延伸到相当一部分的云。我们表明,HCN的强度保持线性与H $_2$柱密度以及到政权的CO线饱和。我们使用辐射传输模型表明,这可能是由于亚热激发HCN在云的H $_2$的柱和体积密度呈正相关。为了匹配我们的HCN观测结果,该模型需要HCN丰度随着灭绝的增加而呈指数下降,这与HCN耗尽到谷物上一致。模型还揭示了HCN发射区中H $_2$的平均体积密度为$\sim$ 10 $^4$ cm $^{-3}$,远低于HCN临界密度。我们首次直接测量了整个邻近分子云的稠密气体质量与HCN光度之比:$α$(HCN)$=$ 92 M $_\odot$ /(K km s $^{-1}$ pc $^2$).

英文摘要:

We present a survey of the Perseus molecular cloud in the J $=$ 1$\rightarrow$0 transition of HCN, a widely used tracer of dense molecular gas. The survey was conducted with the CfA 1.2 m telescope, which at 89 GHz has a beam width of 11' and a spectral resolution of 0.85 km s$^{-1}$. A total of 8.1 deg$^2$ was surveyed on a uniform 10' grid to a sensitivity of 14 mK per channel. The survey was compared with similar surveys of CO and dust in order to study and calibrate the HCN line as a dense gas tracer. We find the HCN emission to extend over a considerable fraction of the cloud. We show that the HCN intensity remains linear with H$_2$ column density well into the regime where the CO line saturates. We use radiative transfer modeling to show that this likely results from subthermal excitation of HCN in a cloud where the column and volume densities of H$_2$ are positively correlated. To match our HCN observations the model requires an exponential decrease in HCN abundance with increasing extinction, consistent with HCN depletion onto grains. The modeling also reveals that the mean volume density of H$_2$ in the HCN emitting regions is $\sim$ 10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$, well below the HCN critical density. For the first time, we obtain a direct measurement of the ratio of dense gas mass to HCN luminosity for an entire nearby molecular cloud: $α$(HCN) $=$ 92 M$_\odot$/(K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^2$).

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