宇宙膨胀引起的精细结构常数的变化
Variation of the fine structure constant caused by expansion of the Universe
摘要：
在本文中，我们评估的精细结构常数的变化，这应该发生的宇宙膨胀和它的曲率变化。精细结构常数的这种变化是由于宇宙膨胀导致的扩展物理系统（由重子分量和电磁场组成）的能量损失。获得的比率（d α）/α = 1。10{-18}（每秒）仅比实际报告的该值的实验极限小五倍。由于这个原因，获得的变化可能在几年内测量。为了论证我们方法的正确性，我们在伪黎曼几何的框架下，计算了电磁场在慢变几何流形上传播时的普朗克常量作为绝热不变量。最后讨论了T. Rosenband等人（Science 2008）。我们指出，在这种情况下（当精细结构常数发生变化时），基于双钟实验的方法不能用于测量精细结构常数的变化。
英文摘要：
In present paper we evaluate the fine structure constant variation, that should take place as the Universe expands and its curvature is changed adiabatically. Such variation of the fine structure constant is attributed to an energy losses by an extended physical system (consist of baryonic component and electromagnetic field) due to expansion of our Universe. Obtained ratio (d alpha)/alpha = 1. 10{-18} (per second) is only five times smaller than actually reported experimental limit on this value. For this reason obtained variation can probably be measured within a couple of years. To argue the correctness of our approach we calculate the Planck constant as adiabatic invariant of the electromagnetic field propagated on a manifold characterized by slowly varied geometry, in the framework of the pseudo- Riemannian geometry. Finally we discuss the double clock experiment based on Al+ and Hg+ clocks carried out by T. Rosenband et al. (Science 2008). We show that in this case (when the fine structure constant is changed adiabatically) the method based on double clock experiment can not be applied to measure the fine structure constant variation.
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