宇宙膨胀与宇宙学常数问题
The Expansion of the Universe and the Cosmological Constant Problem
摘要：
宇宙在时间上加速膨胀的发现是一个重大发现，但仍有待充分的解释。人们普遍认为，这意味着由于宇宙学常数的存在而产生的宇宙排斥力。然而，基于量子场零点涨落的计算，对宇宙学常数的估计值太大，超过了100个数量级。这个结果是根据普朗克尺度，通过将零点能量相加到一个大的截止能量而得到的。由于没有令人信服的理由，这种选择，我们认为，因为所有已知的量子电动力学（QED）效应涉及与物质的相互作用，一个首选的选择应该是基于因果关系和其他考虑，导致一个低得多的值的宇宙学常数。
英文摘要：
The discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating in time is a major discovery which still awaits adequate explanation. It is generally agreed that this implies a cosmic repulsion as a result of the existence of a cosmological constant . However, estimates of the cosmological constant, based on calculations of the zero-point fluctuations of quantum fields are too large by over a hundred orders of magnitude. This result is obtained by summing the zero-point energies up to a large cutoff energy, based on the Planck scale. Since there is no compelling reason for this choice, we argue that since all known quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects involves interaction with matter, a preferred choice should be based on causality and other considerations, leading to a much lower value for the cosmological constant .
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