宇宙膨胀期间总密度守恒的结果
Consequences from conservation of the total density of the universe during the expansion
摘要：
最近的宇宙微波背景（CMB）实验表明，宇宙的平均密度接近临界密度，宇宙是渐近平坦的（欧几里德）。考虑到宇宙是平坦的，宇宙的总密度$Ω_{0}$在宇宙膨胀过程中守恒为一个单位，可观测宇宙的史瓦西半径被确定为等于哈勃距离$R_{s}=2GM/c^{2}=R\sim c/H$，其中M是可观测宇宙的质量，R是哈勃距离，H是哈勃常数。此外，还证明了光速c对于可观测宇宙$c=\sqrt{2GM/R}=v_{p}$是抛物线速度，而对于距离r > 100 Mps的任意星系，其退行速度$v_{r}=Hr$等于半径为r、中心与观测者重合的球体的抛物线速度。在膨胀过程中$Ω_{0}=1$守恒的要求使得能够通过一种新的方法导出可观测宇宙$M=c^{3}/(2GH)$质量的Hoyle-Carvalho公式。关键词：扁平宇宙;临界宇宙密度;史瓦西半径;宇宙质量;抛物速度
英文摘要：
The recent Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments have shown that the average density of the universe is close to the critical one and the universe is asymptotically flat (Euclidean). Taking into account that the universe remains flat and the total density of the universe $Ω_{0}$ is conserved equal to a unit during the cosmological expansion, the Schwarzschild radius of the observable universe has been determined equal to the Hubble distance $R_{s}=2GM/c^{2}=R\sim c/H$, where M is the mass of the observable universe, R is the Hubble distance and H is the Hubble constant. Besides, it has been shown that the speed of the light c appears the parabolic velocity for the observable universe $c=\sqrt{2GM/R}=v_{p}$ and the recessional velocity $v_{r}=Hr$ of an arbitrary galaxy at a distance r > 100 Mps from the observer, is equal to the parabolic velocity for the sphere, having radius r and a centre, coinciding with the observer. The requirement for conservation of $Ω_{0}=1$ during the expansion enables to derive the Hoyle-Carvalho formula for the mass of the observable universe $M=c^{3}/(2GH)$ by a new approach. Key words: flat universe; critical density of the universe; Schwarzschild radius; mass of the universe; parabolic velocity
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