宇宙在演化过程中，是质量不变还是质量随半径增加服从能量守恒定律？
Does the universe obey the energy conservation law by a constant mass or an increasing mass with radius during its evolution?
摘要：
宇宙在其演化过程中如何遵守能量守恒定律是一个重要但尚未得到一致解决的问题。宇宙在演化过程中质量是恒定的，还是质量随着半径的增加而增加？在这里，我们评估的弗里德曼方程和标准的大爆炸宇宙论的背景下的两个相互竞争的命题。我们发现，虽然这两个命题呼吁弗里德曼方程的有效性，随着半径的增加质量增加是更和谐的大爆炸模型的热历史。此外，温度和平坦度的问题，困扰恒定质量的建议，减轻了半径的建议增加质量。我们的结论是，宇宙的质量和半径一直在增加，服从能量守恒定律。
英文摘要：
How the energy conservation law is obeyed by the universe during its evolution is an important but not yet unanimously resolved question. Does the universe have a constant mass during its evolution or has its mass been increasing with its radius? Here, we evaluate the two contending propositions within the context of the Friedmann equations and the standard big bang theory. We find that though both propositions appeal to the Friedmann equations for validity, an increasing mass with increasing radius is more in harmony with the thermal history of the big bang model. In addition, temperature and flatness problems that plague the constant mass proposal are mitigated by the increasing mass with radius proposal. We conclude that the universe has been increasing in mass and radius in obedience to the energy conservation law.
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