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arXiv 1608.02872astro-ph.SR
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Be星II的短期变化和质量损失。开普勒航天器观测到的光度变化的物理分类

Short-term variability and mass loss in Be stars II. Physical taxonomy of photometric variability observed by the Kepler spacecraft

Thomas Rivinius, Dietrich Baade, Alex Carciofi

摘要:

内容:目的:开普勒数据的三个已知的Be星重新访问,以建立其脉动的性质和评估额外的,非脉动的变化的属性。这三颗程序星分别是一颗不活跃的Be星、一颗活跃的持续爆发的Be星和一颗从非爆发阶段过渡到爆发阶段的Be星,为提取Be星生命周期各阶段的性质提供了一个很好的样本。方法:[略]结果:Be星的短期光度变化必须分解为恒星部分和星周部分。恒星部分总体上与非Be恒星中看到的没有什么不同。然而,一些观察到的现象可能是由于共振模式耦合,一种通常不被认为是B型恒星的机制。短期的星周变率表现为爆发期间一组定义相对明确、寿命较短的频率(称为Štefl频率),以及功率谱中的大幅起伏,这表明在时间尺度上的非周期变率类似于典型的低阶$g$模式脉动频率,而不是真正的周期性。结论:从恒星脉动的角度来看,Be星是快速旋转的SPB星,也就是说,它们以低阶$g$模式脉动,即使快速旋转可以将观测到的频率投射到传统的高阶$p$模式区域,大约4 c/d。然而,当存在拱星盘时,Be星的功率谱被周期性或周期性和非周期性的拱星现象所复杂化,甚至可能主导功率谱。

英文摘要:

Context: [abbreviated] Aims: Kepler data of three known Be stars are re-visited to establish their pulsational nature and assess the properties of additional, non-pulsational variations. The three program stars turned out to be one inactive Be star, one active, continuously outbursting Be star, and one Be star transiting from a non-outbursting into an outbursting phase, thus forming an excellent sample to distill properties of Be stars in the various phases of their life-cycle. Methods: [abbreviated] Results: The short-term photometric variability of Be stars must be disentangled into a stellar and a circumstellar part. The stellar part is on the whole not different from what is seen in non-Be stars. However, some of the observed phenomena might be to be due to resonant mode coupling, a mechanism not typically considered for B-type stars. Short-term circumstellar variability comes in the form of either a group of relatively well-defined, short-lived frequencies during outbursts, which are called Štefl frequencies, and broad bumps in the power spectra, indicating aperiodic variability on a time scale similar to typical low-order $g$-mode pulsation frequencies, rather than true periodicity. Conclusions: From a stellar pulsation perspective, Be stars are rapidly rotating SPB stars, that is they pulsate in low order $g$-modes, even if the rapid rotation can project the observed frequencies into the traditional high-order $p$-mode regime above about 4 c/d. However, when a circumstellar disk is present, Be star power spectra are complicated by both cyclic, or periodic, and aperiodic circumstellar phenomena, possibly even dominating the power spectrum.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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