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arXiv 1608.01982gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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引力波的传播速度与标量张量引力的命运

Speed of Gravitational Waves and the Fate of Scalar-Tensor Gravity

Dario Bettoni, Jose María Ezquiaga, Kurt Hinterbichler, Miguel Zumalacárregui

摘要:

引力波的直接探测是探索引力和宇宙加速度本质的一种宝贵的新工具。一大类标量张量理论预测,引力波的传播速度不同于光速,对于许多暗能量模型来说,这种差异可以是$\mathcal{O}(1)$。我们确定的异常GW速度背后的条件,即标量场自发地打破洛伦兹不变性和耦合的度量扰动通过外尔张量。如果这些条件在自然界中实现,GW和来自遥远事件的电磁(EM)信号之间的延迟将超过人类的时间尺度,使得不可能使用中子星合并或其他暴力事件来测量GW的速度。我们提出了一个强大的策略,以排除或确认使用食双星系统,其EM相位可以精确地确定的GWs的异常速度。白矮星双星J0651+2844是这种系统的一个已知的例子,当LISA联机时,它可以用来探测GW速度的偏差小到$c_g/c-1\gtrsim 2\cdot 10^{-12}$。这个测试要么将消除许多宇宙加速的竞争模型,要么将摧毁广义相对论的一个基本支柱。

英文摘要:

The direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) is an invaluable new tool to probe gravity and the nature of cosmic acceleration. A large class of scalar-tensor theories predict that GWs propagate with velocity different than the speed of light, a difference that can be $\mathcal{O}(1)$ for many models of dark energy. We determine the conditions behind the anomalous GW speed, namely that the scalar field spontaneously breaks Lorentz invariance and couples to the metric perturbations via the Weyl tensor. If these conditions are realized in nature, the delay between GW and electromagnetic (EM) signals from distant events will run beyond human timescales, making it impossible to measure the speed of GWs using neutron star mergers or other violent events. We present a robust strategy to exclude or confirm an anomalous speed of GWs using eclipsing binary systems, whose EM phase can be exquisitely determined. he white dwarf binary J0651+2844 is a known example of such system that can be used to probe deviations in the GW speed as small as $c_g/c-1\gtrsim 2\cdot 10^{-12}$ when LISA comes online. This test will either eliminate many contender models for cosmic acceleration or wreck a fundamental pillar of general relativity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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