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arXiv 1608.01738cs.ITmath.IT
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环上的线性网络编码,第一部分:标量码和交换字母

Linear Network Coding over Rings, Part I: Scalar Codes and Commutative Alphabets

Joseph Connelly, Kenneth Zeger

摘要:

固定大小的交换环是准序的,使得任何给定环上的所有标量线性可解网络也是任何高阶环上的标量线性可解网络。作为结果,如果网络在某个有限交换环上有标量线性解,则(i)网络在相同大小的最大交换环上也是标量线性可解的,并且(ii)网络在其上有标量线性解的(唯一)最小交换环是域。我们证明了交换环关于拟序是极大的当且仅当某些网络在该环上是标量线性可解的,但在任何其他相同大小的交换环上都不是。此外,我们证明了极大交换环是由极大环的大小的素因子重数的整数划分所指定的某些域的直积。最后,我们证明了存在唯一的$m$大小的极大交换环当且仅当$m$的每个素因子在$\{1,2,3,4,6\}$中有重数.事实上,只要$p$是素数且$k \in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$,那么唯一的这样一个大小为$p^k$的极大环就是域$GF(p^k)$。然而,对于每个域$GF(p^k)$与$k\not\in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$,总是有一些网络不是标量线性可解的域,但标量线性可解的交换环的大小相同。这些结果意味着,对于交换环上的标量线性网络编码,字段总是可以使用时,字母表的大小是灵活的,但替代环时,字母表的大小是固定的。

英文摘要:

Fixed-size commutative rings are quasi-ordered such that all scalar linearly solvable networks over any given ring are also scalar linearly solvable over any higher-ordered ring. As consequences, if a network has a scalar linear solution over some finite commutative ring, then (i) the network is also scalar linearly solvable over a maximal commutative ring of the same size, and (ii) the (unique) smallest size commutative ring over which the network has a scalar linear solution is a field. We prove that a commutative ring is maximal with respect to the quasi-order if and only if some network is scalar linearly solvable over the ring but not over any other commutative ring of the same size. Furthermore, we show that maximal commutative rings are direct products of certain fields specified by the integer partitions of the prime factor multiplicities of the maximal ring's size. Finally, we prove that there is a unique maximal commutative ring of size $m$ if and only if each prime factor of $m$ has multiplicity in $\{1,2,3,4,6\}$. In fact, whenever $p$ is prime and $k \in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$, the unique such maximal ring of size $p^k$ is the field $GF(p^k)$. However, for every field $GF(p^k)$ with $k\not\in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$, there is always some network that is not scalar linearly solvable over the field but is scalar linearly solvable over a commutative ring of the same size. These results imply that for scalar linear network coding over commutative rings, fields can always be used when the alphabet size is flexible, but alternative rings may be needed when the alphabet size is fixed.

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