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arXiv 1608.00799cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.mes-hallquant-ph
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耗散杂质问题中量子临界波函数的剖析

Anatomy of quantum critical wave functions in dissipative impurity problems

Zach Blunden-Codd, Soumya Bera, Benedikt Bruognolo, Nils-Oliver Linden, Alex W. Chin, Jan von Delft, Ahsan Nazir, Serge Florens

摘要:

量子相变反映了多体基态的奇异变化,然而,计算和分析大尺度临界波函数是一个巨大的挑战。相干态展开(CSE)提供了对亚欧姆自旋玻色子模型的新的物理见解,它用经典位移组态的线性组合表示波函数。我们发现,在没有自发对称性破缺的情况下,低能位移的分布呈现出突现对称性,同时在量子临界点附近经历了序参量的强烈涨落.量子临界性在临界低能模式中提供了两个强指纹:平均位移的代数衰减和恒定的普适平均压缩振幅。这些观测结果得到了广泛的变分矩阵乘积态(VMPS)模拟和场论论证的证实,为量子杂质模型中临界多体态的微观研究提供了宝贵的线索。

英文摘要:

Quantum phase transitions reflect singular changes taking place in a many-body ground state, however, computing and analyzing large-scale critical wave functions constitutes a formidable challenge. New physical insights into the sub-Ohmic spin-boson model are provided by the coherent state expansion (CSE), which represents the wave function by a linear combination of classically displaced configurations. We find that the distribution of low-energy displacements displays an emergent symmetry in the absence of spontaneous symmetry breaking, while experiencing strong fluctuations of the order parameter near the quantum critical point. Quantum criticality provides two strong fingerprints in critical low-energy modes: an algebraic decay of the average displacement and a constant universal average squeezing amplitude. These observations, confirmed by extensive variational matrix product states (VMPS) simulations and field theory arguments, offer precious clues into the microscopics of critical many-body states in quantum impurity models.

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