几何挫折产生长期寻求的量子物质的玻色金属相
Geometric frustration produces long-sought Bose metal phase of quantum matter
摘要：
玻色子物质的两个最突出的相态是具有完美流动的超流体和没有流动的绝缘体。当实验观察表明玻色子可以组织成一个完全不同的第三相时，一个几十年前的谜团意外出现了：具有耗散流的玻色金属。迄今为止，这种玻色金属最可行的理论是利用基于杂质的无序的外在性质;然而，仍然缺乏一个通用的内在量子玻色金属态。我们提出了一个玻色金属的普适齐次理论，其中几何阻挫将基本的量子相干性限制在较低的维度。其结果是一个无间隙绝缘体的特点是耗散流消失在低能量极限。这种失败的绝缘体证实了一个挫折为主的制度，只有在低能量的额外散射源增强，因此产生玻色金属，在现实的实验条件下蓬勃发展。
英文摘要：
Two of the most prominent phases of bosonic matter are the superfluid with perfect flow and the insulator with no flow. A now decades-old mystery unexpectedly arose when experimental observations indicated that bosons could organize into the formation of an entirely different intervening third phase: the Bose metal with dissipative flow. The most viable theory for such a Bose metal to date invokes the use of the extrinsic property of impurity-based disorder; however, a generic intrinsic quantum Bose metal state is still lacking. We propose a universal homogeneous theory for a Bose metal in which geometric frustration confines the essential quantum coherence to a lower dimension. The result is a gapless insulator characterized by dissipative flow that vanishes in the low-energy limit. This failed insulator exemplifies a frustration-dominated regime that is only enhanced by additional scattering sources at low energy and therefore produces a Bose metal that thrives under realistic experimental conditions.
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