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arXiv 1607.08355cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.soft
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粒子和聚合物团簇形成的正则自由能垒

Canonical free-energy barrier of particle and polymer cluster formation

Johannes Zierenberg, Philipp Schierz, Wolfhard Janke

摘要:

研究成核速率的常用方法是估算自由能势垒。这通常需要了解形成液滴的形状,这是一项在大分子设置中变得非常困难的任务,首先是正确定义簇边界。在这里,我们展示了一个形状自由的测定温度驱动的团簇形成在颗粒以及聚合物系统的自由能。结合严格的结果平衡液滴形成,这使得一个明确的有限尺寸标度分析的有效界面自由能在固定密度。我们首先验证了理论预测的形成液滴在过饱和粒子气体的广义系综蒙特卡罗模拟的Lennard-Jones系统。更进一步,我们将这种方法推广到稀聚合物溶液中的团簇形成。我们的研究结果表明一个类似的粒子凝聚,当大分子被解释为扩展的粒子。

英文摘要:

A common approach to study nucleation rates is the estimation of free-energy barriers. This usually requires knowledge about the shape of the forming droplet, a task that becomes notoriously difficult in macromolecular setups starting with a proper definition of the cluster boundary. Here, we demonstrate a shape-free determination of the free energy for temperature-driven cluster formation in particle as well as polymer systems. Combined with rigorous results on equilibrium droplet formation, this allows for a well-defined finite-size scaling analysis of the effective interfacial free energy at fixed density. We first verify the theoretical predictions for the formation of a liquid droplet in a supersaturated particle gas by generalized-ensemble Monte Carlo simulations of a Lennard-Jones system. Going one step further, we then generalize this approach to cluster formation in a dilute polymer solution. Our results suggest an analogy with particle condensation, when the macromolecules are interpreted as extended particles.

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