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arXiv 1607.03492cond-mat.stat-mech
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q态Potts模型的对称破缺与凸集Phase Diagrams

Symmetry Breaking and Convex Set Phase Diagrams for the q-state Potts Model

Valentin Zauner-Stauber, Frank Verstraete

摘要:

我们证明了在经典统计物理中对称破缺相变的发生以及局部序参量的出现是概率空间几何结构的结果。为此,我们调查凸集所产生的期望值的某些可观的所有可能的概率分布的经典q-状态自旋的二维晶格上,为几个值的q。这些集合的极值点由经典的q态Potts模型的热吉布斯态给出。由于对称性破缺相变和相关序参量的出现是由这些集合上的规则表面的外观发出信号的,这意味着对称性破缺最终是概率空间的几何结构的结果。特别是,我们确定的连续和第一阶相变所产生的不同功能,并显示如何获得临界指数和probabilities从几何形状的表面集。这样的凸集因此也构成了一种新的和非常直观的方式来构建许多身体系统的相图,因为所有与物理相关的量都可以非常自然地从这些集合中读出。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate that the occurrence of symmetry breaking phase transitions together with the emergence of a local order parameter in classical statistical physics is a consequence of the geometrical structure of probability space. To this end we investigate convex sets generated by expectation values of certain observables with respect to all possible probability distributions of classical q-state spins on a two-dimensional lattice, for several values of q. The extreme points of these sets are then given by thermal Gibbs states of the classical q-state Potts model. As symmetry breaking phase transitions and the emergence of associated order parameters are signaled by the appearance ruled surfaces on these sets, this implies that symmetry breaking is ultimately a consequence of the geometrical structure of probability space. In particular we identify the different features arising for continuous and first order phase transitions and show how to obtain critical exponents and susceptibilities from the geometrical shape of the surface set. Such convex sets thus also constitute a novel and very intuitive way of constructing phase diagrams for many body systems, as all thermodynamically relevant quantities can be very naturally read off from these sets.

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