二聚体在周期衬底上的运动：自发对称性破缺和绝对负迁移率
Dimer motion on a periodic substrate: Spontaneous symmetry breaking and absolute negative mobility
摘要：
我们考虑两个耦合粒子沿周期性衬底势运动，惯性效应可以忽略不计（过阻尼极限）。即使当颗粒是相同的和基板空间对称的，适当的振幅和频率的正弦外部驱动可以导致自发对称性破缺的形式的二聚体的永久定向运动。热噪声恢复遍历性，从而零净速度，但需要任意快的扩散足够弱的噪声的二聚体。此外，在施加静态偏置力时，二聚体表现出与该力相反的运动（绝对负迁移率）。所有这些效应的关键要求是两个粒子的非凸相互作用势。
英文摘要：
We consider two coupled particles moving along a periodic substrate potential with negligible inertia effects (overdamped limit). Even when the particles are identical and the substrate spatially symmetric, a sinusoidal external driving of appropriate amplitude and frequency may lead to spontaneous symmetry breaking in the form of a permanent directed motion of the dimer. Thermal noise restores ergodicity and thus zero net velocity, but entails arbitrarily fast diffusion of the dimer for sufficiently weak noise. Moreover, upon application of a static bias force, the dimer exhibits a motion opposite to that force (absolute negative mobility). The key requirement for all these effects is a non-convex interaction potential of the two particles.
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