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arXiv 1606.01353astro-ph.HE
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来自磁重联的伽玛暴:光变曲线的变化性和鲁棒性

GRBs from Magnetic Reconnection: Variability and Robustness of Lightcurves

Jonathan Granot

摘要:

伽马射线暴(GRB)的耗散机制在发现近半个世纪后仍然不确定。两个主要的竞争机制是广泛研究的内部冲击和研究较少的磁重联。在这里,我们考虑伽玛暴发射的磁重联占相对论的整体运动,它产生的喷流的散装休息框架。远离源的磁场几乎完全垂直于径向方向,这表明在相反方向的磁场区域之间存在局部准球形薄重联层。我们表明,如果喷流的框架中的相对论运动被限制在这样一个准球形的均匀层,那么由此产生的伽玛暴光变曲线是独立的,它们的方向分布在这层。这使得之前的δ函数速度方向分布结果(Beniamini & Granot 2016)适用于更一般的重联模型,这是由数值模拟提出的。这些模型的速度方向分布不同,主要是在明亮区域的大小不同,在给定的发射半径或观测时间,贡献了大部分观测到的通量。更尖锐的峰值分布,这个明亮的区域越小,和更强的光变曲线的变化,可能会引起的偏差从一个均匀的发射薄重联层,这可能是预期在一个现实的伽玛射线暴外流。这反映在给定观测时间的观测图像和给定发射半径的双帧发射率图中,这里计算三个简单的速度方向分布。

英文摘要:

The dissipation mechanism that powers gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains uncertain almost half a century after their discovery. The two main competing mechanisms are the extensively studied internal shocks and the less studied magnetic reconnection. Here we consider GRB emission from magnetic reconnection accounting for the relativistic bulk motions that it produces in the jet's bulk rest frame. Far from the source the magnetic field is almost exactly normal to the radial direction, suggesting locally quasi-spherical thin reconnection layers between regions of oppositely directed magnetic field. We show that if the relativistic motions in the jet's frame are confined to such a quasi-spherical uniform layer, then the resulting GRB lightcurves are independent of their direction distribution within this layer. This renders previous results for a delta-function velocity-direction distribution (Beniamini & Granot 2016) applicable to a much more general class of reconnection models, which are suggested by numerical simulations. Such models that vary in their velocity-direction distribution differ mainly in the size of the bright region that contributes most of the observed flux at a given emission radius or observed time. The more sharply peaked this distribution, the smaller this bright region, and the stronger the lightcurve variability that may be induced by deviations from a uniform emission over the thin reconnection layer, which may be expected in a realistic GRB outflow. This is reflected both in the observed image at a given observed time and in the observer-frame emissivity map at a given emission radius, which are calculated here for three simple velocity-direction distributions.

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