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arXiv 1606.00699nucl-th
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用TDHF研究$^{48}$ Ca+ $^{249}$ Bk和$^{50}$ Ti+ $^{249}$ Bk反应中的熔合和准裂变动力学

Fusion and quasifission dynamics in the reactions $^{48}$Ca+$^{249}$Bk and $^{50}$Ti+$^{249}$Bk using TDHF

A. S. Umar, V. E. Oberacker, C. Simenel

摘要:

背景资料:准裂变(QF)机制严重阻碍了聚变-蒸发反应合成超重元素(SHE),该机制阻止了平衡复合核的形成,并依赖于反应物的结构。新的SHE最近已经用双魔$^{48}$ Ca束产生。然而,单魔$^{50}$钛束的SHE合成实验迄今为止是不成功的。目的:结合对$Z=117,119$超重元素的实验研究,我们对$^{48}$ Ca,$^{50}$ Ti+ $^{249}$ Bk反应中的熔合和准裂变机制进行了理论研究,以探讨这两种射弹引起的反应机制的可能差异。研究方法:碰撞动力学和反应的结果进行了研究,使用不受限制的含时Hartree-Fock(TDHF)计算以及密度约束的TDHF方法提取的核-核势和激发能在每个片段。结果如下:核-核势、核接触时间、碎片的质量和电荷以及它们的动能和激发能强烈地依赖于长长$^{249}$ Bk核的取向。长接触时间与融合观察到在碰撞的两个弹丸与侧的$^{249}$ BK核,但不是在碰撞与其尖端。的碎片性能,以及它们的质量角和质量总动能的相关性的能量和影响参数的依赖性进行了研究。结论:$^{48}$ Ca和$^{50}$ Ti射弹的入口通道反应动力学相似。如果它们有足够的能量与$^{249}$ Bk靶的侧面接触,预计两者都将通过聚变形成复合核。

英文摘要:

Background: Synthesis of superheavy elements (SHE) with fusion-evaporation reactions is strongly hindered by the quasifission (QF) mechanism which prevents the formation of an equilibrated compound nucleus and which depends on the structure of the reactants. New SHE have been recently produced with doubly-magic $^{48}$Ca beams. However, SHE synthesis experiments with single-magic $^{50}$Ti beams have so far been unsuccessful. Purpose: In connection with experimental searches for $Z=117,119$ superheavy elements, we perform a theoretical study of fusion and quasifission mechanisms in $^{48}$Ca,$^{50}$Ti+$^{249}$Bk reactions in order to investigate possible differences in reaction mechanisms induced by these two projectiles. Methods: The collision dynamics and the outcome of the reactions are studied using unrestricted time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) calculations as well as the density-constrained TDHF method to extract the nucleus-nucleus potentials and the excitation energy in each fragment. Results: Nucleus-nucleus potentials, nuclear contact times, masses and charges of the fragments, as well as their kinetic and excitation energies strongly depend on the orientation of the prolate $^{249}$Bk nucleus. Long contact times associated with fusion are observed in collisions of both projectiles with the side of the $^{249}$Bk nucleus, but not on collisions with its tip. The energy and impact parameter dependences of the fragment properties, as well as their mass-angle and mass-total kinetic energy correlations are investigated. Conclusions: Entrance channel reaction dynamics are similar with both $^{48}$Ca and $^{50}$Ti projectiles. Both are expected to lead to the formation of a compound nucleus by fusion if they have enough energy to get in contact with the side of the $^{249}$Bk target.

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