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arXiv 1604.08720stat.ME
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ALS患者的个体处理效应预测

Individual Treatment Effect Prediction for ALS Patients

Heidi Seibold, Achim Zeileis, Torsten Hothorn

摘要:

复杂疾病的治疗可能对一些但不是所有患者都有帮助,这使得预测新患者的处理效应变得重要但具有挑战性。在这里,我们开发了一种根据患者特征预测处理效应的方法,并将其用于预测唯一获批用于治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)的药物(利鲁唑)的效果。我们提出的基于模型的随机森林方法检测患者之间处理效应的相似性,并在此基础上计算新患者的个性化模型。整个过程集中在一个基础模型上,该模型通常包含治疗指标作为单个协变量,并将生存时间或健康或治疗成功测量作为主要结局。该基础模型既用于在森林内生长基于模型的树,其中与治疗相互作用的患者特征是分裂变量,又用于计算个性化模型,其中相似性测量作为权重输入。我们使用PRO-ACT数据库中几项ALS临床试验的数据应用个性化模型。我们的研究结果表明,一些ALS患者比其他人更受益于药物阿曲唑。我们的方法允许从分层医学转向个性化医学,并且还可以用于评估临床试验中研究的其他疾病的处理效应。

英文摘要:

A treatment for a complicated disease may be helpful for some but not all patients, which makes predicting the treatment effect for new patients important yet challenging. Here we develop a method for predicting the treatment effect based on patient char- acteristics and use it for predicting the effect of the only drug (Riluzole) approved for treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Our proposed method of model-based ran- dom forests detects similarities in the treatment effect among patients and on this basis computes personalised models for new patients. The entire procedure focuses on a base model, which usually contains the treatment indicator as a single covariate and takes the survival time or a health or treatment success measurement as primary outcome. This base model is used both to grow the model-based trees within the forest, in which the patient characteristics that interact with the treatment are split variables, and to com- pute the personalised models, in which the similarity measurements enter as weights. We applied the personalised models using data from several clinical trials for ALS from the PRO-ACT database. Our results indicate that some ALS patients benefit more from the drug Riluzole than others. Our method allows shifting from stratified medicine to person- alised medicine and can also be used in assessing the treatment effect for other diseases studied in a clinical trial.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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