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arXiv 1604.06802astro-ph.GA
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z~1.6恒星形成星系的FMOS-COSMOS巡天。IV:星际介质的激发态和化学富集

The FMOS-COSMOS survey of star-forming galaxies at z~1.6. IV: Excitation state and chemical enrichment of the interstellar medium

D. Kashino, J. D. Silverman, D. Sanders, J. S. Kartaltepe, E. Daddi, A. Renzini, F. Valentino, G. Rodighiero, S. Juneau, L. J. Kewley, H. J. Zahid, N. Arimoto, … 展开作者

D. Kashino, J. D. Silverman, D. Sanders, J. S. Kartaltepe, E. Daddi, A. Renzini, F. Valentino, G. Rodighiero, S. Juneau, L. J. Kewley, H. J. Zahid, N. Arimoto, T. Nagao, J. Chu, N. Sugiyama, F. Civano, O. Ilbert, M. Kajisawa, O. Le Fevre, C. Maier, D. Masters, T. Miyaji, M. Onodera, A. Puglisi, Y. Taniguchi

摘要:

利用基于静止标架光发射谱线的诊断图研究了高z恒星形成星系中电离气体的物理条件。样本由701个星系组成,在$1.4\lesssim z\lesssim1.7$探测到Ha,来自FMOS-COSMOS巡天,代表在恒星质量范围$10^{9.6} \lesssim M_\ast/M_\odot \lesssim 10^{11.6}$内的正常恒星形成种群,其中$M_\ast>10^{11}~M_\odot$的星系被很好地采样。我们确认的偏移量的平均位置的恒星形成星系的BPT图([OIII]/血红蛋白与[NII]/哈),主要是朝着更高的[OIII]/血红蛋白,与本地星系相比。基于[SII]比率,我们测量了电子密度($n_e=220^{+170}_{-130}~\mathrm{cm^{-3}}$),这是高于本地星系。基于与理论模型的比较,我们认为发射线比的变化,包括BPT图中的偏移,是由固定恒星质量和固定金属丰度下较高的电离参数以及较高气体密度的额外贡献引起的。可能是电离辐射场的硬化。根据钱德拉的评估,活动星系核引起的电离被排除了。因此,我们重新审视的质量-金属丰度关系使用[NII]/Ha和一个新的校准,包括[NII]/[SII]最近介绍的Dopita等人。与我们以前的结果相一致,最大质量的星系($M_\ast\gtrsim10^{11}~M_\odot$)是完全丰富的,而那些在较低的质量金属丰度低于本地星系。最后,我们证明,恒星质量,金属丰度和恒星形成率的FMOS样品是很好的适合与物理动机的化学演化的恒星形成星系的模型。

英文摘要:

We investigate the physical conditions of ionized gas in high-z star-forming galaxies using diagnostic diagrams based on the rest-frame optical emission lines. The sample consists of 701 galaxies with an Ha detection at $1.4\lesssim z\lesssim1.7$, from the FMOS-COSMOS survey, that represent the normal star-forming population over the stellar mass range $10^{9.6} \lesssim M_\ast/M_\odot \lesssim 10^{11.6}$ with those at $M_\ast>10^{11}~M_\odot$ being well sampled. We confirm an offset of the average location of star-forming galaxies in the BPT diagram ([OIII]/Hb vs. [NII]/Ha), primarily towards higher [OIII]/Hb, compared with local galaxies. Based on the [SII] ratio, we measure an electron density ($n_e=220^{+170}_{-130}~\mathrm{cm^{-3}}$), that is higher than that of local galaxies. Based on comparisons to theoretical models, we argue that changes in emission-line ratios, including the offset in the BPT diagram, are caused by a higher ionization parameter both at fixed stellar mass and at fixed metallicity with additional contributions from a higher gas density and possibly a hardening of the ionizing radiation field. Ionization due to AGNs is ruled out as assessed with Chandra. As a consequence, we revisit the mass-metallicity relation using [NII]/Ha and a new calibration including [NII]/[SII] as recently introduced by Dopita et al. Consistent with our previous results, the most massive galaxies ($M_\ast\gtrsim10^{11}~M_\odot$) are fully enriched, while those at lower masses have metallicities lower than local galaxies. Finally, we demonstrate that the stellar masses, metallicities and star formation rates of the FMOS sample are well fit with a physically-motivated model for the chemical evolution of star-forming galaxies.

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