arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2602.12460astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
收藏

含第三族恒星反馈与金属增丰的宇宙学模拟 I: 模型描述与收敛性测试

Cosmological Simulation with Population III Stellar Feedback and Metal Enrichment I: Model Description And Convergence Test

Institute of Astrophysics, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University(郑州大学物理学院天体物理研究所);Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University(北京师范大学天文与前沿科学研究院)

Bocheng Zhu, Liang Gao

AI总结:

提出SPARK框架,结合原初非平衡化学、金属线冷却、IMF采样恒星演化与超新星反馈、近似LW和电离辐射输运,模拟早期宇宙恒星形成,模型成功再现Pop II恒星形成率密度,金属增丰体积填充因子在z=10收敛至0.5-2%。

摘要:

我们提出了SPARK(在Arepo中模拟第三族恒星辐射与动力学反馈)框架,这是一个在移动网格代码{\sc arepo}中实现的新Pop III + Pop II子网格框架,旨在研究Pop III反馈对早期宇宙恒星形成的影响。该框架结合了原初非平衡化学、金属线冷却、IMF采样的恒星演化与超新星反馈,以及近似的莱曼-沃纳(LW)和电离辐射输运。我们运行了一系列$1c{\rm Mpc}/h$盒子模拟,采用不同的初始条件和分辨率,从$z=127$到$z=10$。基准模拟中最高气体质量和空间分辨率分别达到$\sim10\\,{\rm M_{\odot}}$和$\sim4\\,{\rm pc}$。该模型成功再现了Pop II恒星形成率密度(SFRD),与所有初始条件下的先前理论工作一致,微小变化主要由局部晕相互作用和LW辐照驱动。我们发现,金属增丰气体的体积填充因子在$z=10$时收敛到$\sim0.5-2\\%$,其弥散由随机性和混合模型变化引起。一旦子晕质量$M_{\rm subhalo}\gtrsim 10^{6.5}\\,{\rm M_{\odot}}$被解析,收敛性即实现,并且$z=10$时的总恒星质量对初始条件或本工作考虑的分辨率基本不敏感。一次基准模拟需要约$10^4$ CPU小时,使得该框架在更大盒子模拟中计算上可行,并能够实现未来对恒星物理或环境效应(如Pop III IMF变化、X射线辐射或高红移流速度)的大规模参数研究。

英文摘要:

We present SPARK (Simulation of Pop III in Arepo with Radiation and Kinetic feedback) framework, a new Pop III + Pop II subgrid framework implemented in the moving-mesh code {\sc arepo}, designed to study the impact of Pop III feedback on star formation in the early universe. The framework combines primordial non-equilibrium chemistry, metal-line cooling, IMF-sampled stellar evolution with SN feedback, and approximate Lyman-Werner (LW) and ionizing radiation transport. We run a suite of $1c{\rm Mpc}/h$ box simulations with different initial conditions and resolutions from $z=127$ to $z=10$. The highest gas mass and spatial resolution in the fiducial simulation reach $\sim10\,{\rm M_{\odot}}$ and $\sim4\,{\rm pc}$, respectively. The model successfully reproduces the Pop II star formation rate density (SFRD) consistent with previous theoretical works across all initial conditions, with minor variation mainly driven by local halo interactions and LW irradiation. We find that the volume filling factor of metal-enriched gas converges to $\sim0.5-2\%$ at $z=10$, with scatter driven by stochastic and mixing model variations. Convergence is achieved once subhalos with $M_{\rm subhalo}\gtrsim 10^{6.5}\,{\rm M_{\odot}}$ are resolved, and the total stellar mass at $z=10$ is largely insensitive to initial conditions or the resolution considered in this work. A fiducial simulation requires $\sim 10^4$ CPU hours, making the framework computationally tractable for larger box simulations and enabling future large parameter studies of stellar physics or environment effects such as Pop III IMF variations, X-ray radiation, or the streaming velocity at high redshift.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑