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arXiv 1604.06255math.FA
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关于条件收敛级数的极限点集

On the set of limit points of conditionally convergent series

Szymon Głab, Jacek Marchwicki

摘要:

设$\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$是Banach空间中的条件收敛级数,$τ$是自然数的置换.本文研究重排级数$\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)}$的部分和序列$(\sum_{n=1}^p x_{τ(n)})_{p=1}^\infty$的所有极限点的集合$\operatorname{LIM}(\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)})$.给出了有限维空间中极限集的充分刻画。也就是说,$\mathbb{R}^m$中的极限集要么是紧的且连通的,要么是闭的且其所有连通分量都是无界的。另一方面,这些类型之一的每一个集合都是某些重新排列的条件收敛级数的极限集合。此外,这种特征在无限维空间中不成立。证明了如果$\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$具有重排性质,且$A$是$\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$和值域的闭包的闭子集,且对每个$\varepsilon>0$都是$\varepsilon$ -可链的,则存在置换$τ$使得$A=\operatorname{LIM}(\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)})$ .作为这个观察的副产品,我们得到具有重排性质的序列具有封闭的和范围。

英文摘要:

Let $\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$ be a conditionally convergent series in a Banach space and let $τ$ be a permutation of natural numbers. We study the set $\operatorname{LIM}(\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)})$ of all limit points of a sequence $(\sum_{n=1}^p x_{τ(n)})_{p=1}^\infty$ of partial sums of a rearranged series $\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)}$. We give full characterization of limit sets in finite dimensional spaces. Namely, a limit set in $\mathbb{R}^m$ is either compact and connected or it is closed and all its connected components are unbounded. On the other hand each set of one of these types is a limit set of some rearranged conditionally convergent series. Moreover, this characterization does not hold in infinite dimensional spaces. We show that if $\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$ has the Rearrangement Property and $A$ is a closed subset of the closure of the $\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n$ sum range and it is $\varepsilon$-chainable for every $\varepsilon>0$, then there is a permutation $τ$ such that $A=\operatorname{LIM}(\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_{τ(n)})$. As a byproduct of this observation we obtain that series having the Rearrangement Property have closed sum ranges.

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