We consider symmetric (not complete intersection) numerical semigroups S_5, generated by five elements, and derive inequalities for degrees of syzygies of S_5 and find the lower bound F_5 for their Frobenius numbers. We study a special case W_5 of such semigroups, which satisfy the Watanabe Lemma, and show that the lower bound F_{5w} for the Frobenius number of the semigroup W_5 is stronger than F_5.
Let (R, m) be the semigroup ring associated to a numerical semigroup S. In this paper we study the property of its associated graded ring G(m) to be Complete Intersection. In particular, we introduce and characterise beta-rectangular and gamma-rectangular Apéry sets, which will be the fundamental concepts of the paper and will provide, respectively, a sufficient condition and a characterisation for G(m) to be Complete Intersection. Then we use these notions to give four equivalent conditions for G(m) in order to be Complete Intersection.
We give a positive answer to the Huneke-Wiegand Conjecture for monomial ideals over free numerical semigroup rings, and for two generated monomial ideals over complete intersection numerical semigroup rings.
Delorme suggested that the set of all complete intersection numerical semigroups can be computed recursively. We have implemented this algorithm, and particularized it to several subfamilies of this class of numerical semigroups: free and telescopic numerical semigroups, and numerical semigroups associated to an irreducible plane curve singularity. The recursive nature of this procedure allows us to give bounds for the embedding dimension and for the minimal generators of a semigroup in any of these families.
We consider symmetric (not complete intersection) numerical semigroups S_6, generated by a set of six positive integers {d_1,...,d_6}, gcd(d_1,...,d_6)=1, and derive inequalities for degrees of syzygies of such semigroups and find the lower bound for their Frobenius numbers. We show that this bound may be strengthened if S_6 satisfies the Watanabe lemma.
We consider several classes of complete intersection numerical semigroups, aris- ing from many different contexts like algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, coding theory and factorization theory. In particular, we determine all the logical implications among these classes and provide examples. Most of these classes are shown to be well-behaved with respect to the operation of gluing.
Let $R=k[|t^a,t^b,t^c|]$ be a complete intersection numerical semigroup ring over an infinite field $k$, where $a,b,c\in\BN$. The generalized Loewy length, which is Auslander's index in this case, is computed in terms of the minimal generators of the semigroup: $a,b$ and $c$. Examples provided show that the left hand side of Ding's inequality $\mult(R)-\inde(R)-\codim(R)+1\geq 0$ can be made arbitrarily large for rings $R$ with $\edim(R)=3$ . The index of a complete intersection numerical semigroup ring with embedding dimension greater than three is also computed.
We study a numerical semigroup ring as an algebra over another numerical semigroup ring. The complete intersection property of numerical semigroup algebras is investigated using factorizations of monomials into minimal ones. The goal is to study whether a flat rectangular algebra is a complete intersection. Along this direction, special types of algebras generated by few monomials are worked out in detail.
We study almost symmetric semigroups generated by odd integers. If the embedding dimension is four, we characterize when a symmetric semigroup that is not complete intersection or a pseudo-symmetric semigroup is generated by odd integers. Moreover, we give a way to construct all the almost symmetric semigroups with embedding dimension four and type three generated by odd elements. In this case we also prove that all the pseudo-Frobenius numbers are multiple of one of them and this gives many consequences on the semigroup and its defining ideal.
Generalizing the notion of Newton polytope, we define the Newton-Okounkov body, respectively, for semigroups of integral points, graded algebras, and linear series on varieties. We prove that any semigroup in the lattice Z^n is asymptotically approximated by the semigroup of all the points in a sublattice and lying in a convex cone. Applying this we obtain several results: we show that for a large class of graded algebras, the Hilbert functions have polynomial growth and their growth coefficients satisfy a Brunn-Minkowski type inequality. We prove analogues of Fujita approximation theorem for …
Let k be a field of characteristic zero. Given an ordered 3-tuple of positive integers a=(a,b,c) and for j in N, a family of sequences a_j = (j,a+j,a+b+j, a+b+c+j), we consider the collection of monomial curves in A^{4} associated with a_j. The Betti numbers of the Semigroup rings collection associated with a_j are conjectured to be eventually periodic with period a+b+c by Herzog and Srinivasan. Let p in N, in this paper, we prove that for a = (p(b+c),b, c) or a = (a, b, p(a+b)) in the collection of defining ideals associated with a_j, for large j the ideals are complete intersections if and o…
A numerical semigroup $S$ is cyclotomic if its semigroup polynomial $P_S$ is a product of cyclotomic polynomials. The number of irreducible factors of $P_S$ (with multiplicity) is the polynomial length $\ell(S)$ of $S.$ We show that a cyclotomic numerical semigroup is complete intersection if $\ell(S)\le 2$. This establishes a particular case of a conjecture of Ciolan, García-Sánchez and Moree (2016) claiming that every cyclotomic numerical semigroup is complete intersection. In addition, we investigate the relation between $\ell(S)$ and the embedding dimension of $S.$
We study strong indispensability of minimal free resolutions of semigroup rings. We focus on two operations, gluing and extending, used in literature to produce more examples with a special property from the existing ones. We give a naive condition to determine whether gluing of two semigroup rings has a strongly indispensable minimal free resolution. As applications, we determine extensions of $3$-generated non-symmetric, $4$-generated symmetric and pseudo symmetric numerical semigroups as well as obtain infinitely many complete intersection semigroups of any embedding dimension, having stron…
Let $H$ be a numerical semigroup. We give effective bounds for the multiplicity $e(H)$ when the associated graded ring $\operatorname{gr}_\mathfrak{m} K[H]$ is defined by quadrics. We classify Koszul complete intersection semigroups in terms of gluings. Furthermore, for several classes of numerical semigroups considered in the literature (arithmetic, compound, special almost complete intersections, $3$-semigroups, symmetric or pseudo-symmetric $4$-semigroups) we classify those which are Koszul.
Irreducible decompositions of monomial ideals in polynomial rings over a field are well-understood. In this paper, we investigate decompositions in the set of monomial ideals in the semigroup ring A[\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}^d] where A is an arbitrary commutative ring with identity. We classify the irreducible elements of this set, which we call m-irreducible, and we classify the elements that admit decompositions into finite intersections of m-irreducible ideals.
We derive polynomial identities of arbitrary degree $n$ for syzygies degrees of numerical semigroups S_m=<d_1,...,d_m> and show that for n>=m they contain higher genera G_r=\sum_{s\in Z_>\setminus S_m}s^r of S_m. We find a number g_m=B_m-m+1 of algebraically independent genera G_r and equations, related any of g_m+1 genera, where B_m=\sum_{k=1}^{m-1}β_k and β_k denote the total and partial Betti numbers of non-symmetric semigroups. The number g_m is strongly dependent on symmetry of S_m and decreases for symmetric semigroups and complete intersections.
In this paper we completely characterize lattice ideals that are complete intersections or equivalently complete intersections finitely generated semigroups of $\bz^n\oplus T$ with no invertible elements, where $T$ is a finite abelian group. We also characterize the lattice ideals that are set-theoretic complete intersections on binomials.
Denote by $\mathrm m(S)$ the multiplicity of a numerical semigroup $S$. A covariety is a nonempty family $\mathscr{C}$ of numerical semigroups that fulfills the following conditions: there is the minimum of $\mathscr{C},$ the intersection of two elements of $\mathscr{C}$ is again an element of $\mathscr{C}$ and $S\backslash \{\mathrm m(S)\}\in \mathscr{C}$ for all $S\in \mathscr{C}$ such that $S\neq \min(\mathscr{C}).$ In this work we describe an algorithmic procedure to compute all the elements of $\mathscr{C}.$ We prove that there exists the smallest element of $\mathscr{C}$ containing a set…
A numerical semigroup is irreducible if it cannot be obtained as intersection of two numerical semigroups containing it properly. If we only consider numerical semigroups with the same Frobenius number, that concept is generalized to atomic numerical semigroup. Based on a previous one developed to obtain all irreducible numerical semigroups with a fixed Frobenius number, we present an algorithm to compute all atomic numerical semigroups with a fixed Frobenius number.
We study the cyclotomic exponent sequence of a numerical semigroup $S,$ and we compute its values at the gaps of $S,$ the elements of $S$ with unique representations in terms of minimal generators, and the Betti elements $b\in S$ for which the set $\{a \in \operatorname{Betti}(S) : a \le_{S}b\}$ is totally ordered with respect to $\le_S$ (we write $a \le_S b$ whenever $a - b \in S,$ with $a,b\in S$). This allows us to characterize certain semigroup families, such as Betti-sorted or Betti-divisible numerical semigroups, as well as numerical semigroups with a unique Betti element, in terms of th…
Using aritmethic conditions on affine semigroups we prove that for a simplicial toric variety of codimension 2 the property of being a set-theoretic complete intersection on binomials in characteristic $p$ holds either for all primes $p$, or for no prime $p$, or for exactly one prime $p$.
A numerical semigroup is said to be universally free if it is free for any possible arrangement of its minimal generating set. In this work, we establish that toric ideals associated with universally free numerical semigroups can be generated by their set of circuits. Additionally, we provide a characterization of universally free numerical semigroups in terms of Gröbner bases. Specifically, a numerical semigroup is universally free if and only if all initial ideals of its corresponding toric ideal are complete intersections. Furthermore, we establish several equalities among the toric bases o…
In this paper we produce infinitely many examples of set-theoretic complete intersection monomial curves in $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$, starting with a set-theoretic complete intersection monomial curve in $\mathbb{P}^{n}$ . In most of the cases our results cannot be obtained through semigroup gluing technique and we can tell apart explicitly which cases are new.
Let $S_1$ and $S_2$ be two affine semigroups and let $S$ be the gluing of $S_1$ and $S_2$. Several invariants of $S$ are then related to those of $S_1$ and $S_2$; we review some of the most important properties preserved under gluings. The aim of this paper is to prove that this is the case for the Frobenius vector and the Hilbert series. Applications to complete intersection affine semigroups are also given.
We study the complete intersection property of monomial curves in the family $Γ_{å+ \jj} = {(t^{a_0 + j}, t^{a_1+j},..., t^{a_n + j}) ~ | ~ j \geq 0, ~ a_0 < a_1 <...< a_n}$. We prove that if $Γ_{å+\jj}$ is a complete intersection for $j \gg0$, then $Γ_{å+\jj+\underline{a_n}}$ is a complete intersection for $j \gg 0$. This proves a conjecture of Herzog and Srinivasan on eventual periodicity of Betti numbers of semigroup rings under translations for complete intersections. We also show that if $Γ_{å+\jj}$ is a complete intersection for $j \gg 0$, then $Γ_å$ is a complete intersection. We also c…
Let $S$ be a polynomial ring over an algebraic closed field $k$ and $ \mathfrak p =(x,y,z,w) $ a homogeneous height four prime ideal. We give a finite characterization of the degree two component of ideals primary to $\mathfrak p$, with multiplicity $e \leq 3$. We use this result to give a tight bound on the projective dimension of almost complete intersections generated by five quadrics with $e \leq 3$.
We show that the number of numerical semigroups with multiplicity three, four or five and fixed genus is increasing as a function in the genus. To this end we use the Kunz polytope for these multiplicities. Counting numerical semigroups with fixed multiplicity and genus is then an integer partition problem with some extra conditions (those of membership to the Kunz polytope). For the particular case of multiplicity four, we are able to prove that the number of numerical semigroups with multiplicity four and genus $g$ is the number of partitions $x+y+z=g+6$ with $0<x\le y\le z$, $x\neq 1$, $y\n…
We let R be a one-dimensional graded complete intersection, satisfying certain degree conditions which are satisfied whenever R is a numerical semigroup ring of embedding dimension at least three. We show that a graded maximal Cohen-Macaulay R-module M satisfies the Huneke-Wiegand Conjecture provided there exists an Auslander-Reiten sequence ending in M whose middle term has at least two nonfree direct summands.
We study the difference between the lengths of the torsion of the differential modules of the local ring R of an algebroid curve and its first quadratic transform. The conjecture is that this difference should be positive if R is not regular. This is shown to be true in some cases, especially for stable complete intersections and for semigroup rings which are complete intersections.
