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arXiv 1603.08682astro-ph.EP
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地球吸积过程中撞击引起的熔化

Impact-induced melting during accretion of the Earth

Jellie de Vries, Francis Nimmo, H. Jay Melosh, Seth A. Jacobson, Alessandro Morbidelli, David C. Rubie

摘要:

由于涉及高能量,在行星吸积过程中发生的巨大撞击会导致大程度的熔化。每次碰撞后靶体内的熔融深度决定了金属-硅酸盐平衡的压力和温度条件,从而决定了核幔分异导致的地球化学分馏。在以往的研究中,已经用N体吸积模拟计算了形成内太阳系类地行星的吸积碰撞。在这里,我们使用这种模拟的输出来确定产生的熔体的体积,从而确定每次撞击后金属硅酸盐平衡的压力和温度条件,因为类地行星会吸积。对于这些计算,使用了参数化熔化模型,该模型考虑了撞击速度、撞击角度和撞击体的相应质量。在地球的吸积过程中,金属硅酸盐平衡压力的演变(由不断变化的岩浆海洋深度定义)强烈依赖于撞击产生的岩浆海洋的寿命,而不是大撞击之间的时间间隔。此外,这些结果取决于N体模拟中的初始参数,例如胚胎的数量和初始质量。因此,有可能结合的结果,如这里提出的,与多级核心形成模型,以更好地约束地球的增生历史。

英文摘要:

Because of the high energies involved, giant impacts that occur during planetary accretion cause large degrees of melting. The depth of melting in the target body after each collision determines the pressure and temperature conditions of metal-silicate equilibration and thus geochemical fractionation that results from core-mantle differentiation. The accretional collisions involved in forming the terrestrial planets of the inner Solar System have been calculated by previous studies using N-body accretion simulations. Here we use the output from such simulations to determine the volumes of melt produced and thus the pressure and temperature conditions of metal-silicate equilibration, after each impact, as Earth-like planets accrete. For these calculations a parametrised melting model is used that takes impact velocity, impact angle and the respective masses of the impacting bodies into account. The evolution of metal-silicate equilibration pressures (as defined by evolving magma ocean depths) during Earth's accretion depends strongly on the lifetime of impact-generated magma oceans compared to the time interval between large impacts. In addition, such results depend on starting parameters in the N-body simulations, such as the number and initial mass of embryos. Thus, there is the potential for combining the results, such as those presented here, with multistage core formation models to better constrain the accretional history of the Earth.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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