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arXiv 1711.05331astro-ph.EP
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水星壳幔晚期吸积的热效应

Thermal effects of late accretion to the crust and mantle of Mercury

Stephen J. Mojzsis, Oleg Abramov, Elizabeth A. Frank, Ramon Brasser

摘要:

在太阳系吸积阶段后期对水星的撞击轰击(约1000年)。4.4到3.8 Ga)造成了相当大的机械,化学和热改造的硅酸盐储层(地壳和地幔)。视撞击物的频率、大小和速度而定,其影响包括区域和全球范围的地壳熔融以及水星地幔的热扰动。我们使用一个三维瞬态加热模型来测试早期(前托尔斯泰)水星地幔和地壳的两个轰击方案的影响。结果表明,最大的(直径大于100公里)机构的罕见的影响提供了足够的热量,浅汞地幔产生高温超镁(科马提质s.s.)融化。撞击加热导致喷发(洪水)火山活动可以解释在水星表面,空间环境,地球化学测距(信使)任务期间观察到的epennial高镁区(HMR)。我们发现,晚期的水星吸积导致了体积显著的地壳熔融(小于58vol. %),地幔加热和熔体产生,再加上广泛的表面重塑(小于100%),也解释了为什么它最古老的陨石坑记录被有效地抹去,与陨石坑计数统计数据一致。

英文摘要:

Impact bombardment on Mercury in the solar system late accretion phase (ca. 4.4 to 3.8 Ga) caused considerable mechanical, chemical and thermal reworking of its silicate reservoirs (crust and mantle). Depending on the frequency, size and velocity of such impactors, effects included regional and global scale crustal melting, and thermal perturbations of the mercurian mantle. We use a 3D transient heating model to test the effects of two bombardment scenarios on early (pre Tolstojan) Mercury mantle and crust. Results show that rare impacts by the largest (greater than 100 km diameter) bodies deliver sufficient heat to the shallow mercurian mantle producing high-temperature ultra-magnesian (komatiitic s.s.) melts. Impact heating leading to effusive (flood) volcanism can account for eponymous High-Magnesium Region (HMR) observed during the MErcury Surface, Space Environment, GEochemistry Ranging (MESSENGER) mission. We find that late accretion to Mercury induced volumetrically significant crustal melting (less than 58 vol.percent), mantle heating and melt production, which, combined with extensive resurfacing (less than 100 percent), also explains why its oldest cratering record was effectively erased, consistent with crater-counting statistics.

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