增材制造的安全性
Towards Security of Additive Layer Manufacturing
摘要：
增材层制造（ALM），也被广泛称为3D打印，是一种生产3D物体的新技术。作为与传统减材制造工艺相反的方法，通过在层上添加薄材料层来创建3D对象。直到最近，它们主要用于塑料模型。然而，该技术的发展使得使用金属合金进行高质量打印成为可能。NASA、ESA、波音、空客等机构和公司正在研究各种ALM技术应用领域。最近，SpaceX使用增材制造为最新的龙飞船生产发动机室。BAE系统公司计划根据作战要求按需打印一架完整的无人机（UAV）。企业期望ALM技术的实施将带来各种各样的技术和经济效益。这包括但不限于减少生产复杂零件所需的时间，减少浪费的材料，从而控制生产成本，并最大限度地减少零件存储空间，因为公司实施了即时和按需生产解决方案。广泛的应用领域和制造过程的高度计算机化将不可避免地使ALM成为各种攻击的有吸引力的目标。
英文摘要：
Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM), also broadly known as 3D printing, is a new technology to produce 3D objects. As an opposite approach to the conventional subtractive manufacturing process, 3D objects are created by adding thin material layers over layers. Until recently, they have been used, mainly, for plastic models. However, the technology has evolved making it possible to use high-quality printing with metal alloys. Agencies and companies like NASA, ESA, Boeing, Airbus, etc. are investigating various ALM technology application areas. Recently, SpaceX used additive manufacturing to produce engine chambers for the newest Dragon spacecraft. BAE System plans to print on-demand a complete Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), depending on the operational requirements. Companies expect the implementation of ALM technology will bring a broad variety of technological and economic benefits. This includes, but not limited to, the reduction of the time needed to produce complex parts, reduction of wasted material and thus control of production costs along with minimization of part storage space as companies implement just-in-time and on-demand production solutions. The broad variety of application areas and a high grade of computerization of the manufacturing process will inevitably make ALM an attractive target for various attacks.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
