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下一代室女星系团巡天。VII。室女星系团核心低光度星系的内禀形状及其与Local Group的比较

The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. VII. The intrinsic shapes of low-luminosity galaxies in the core of the Virgo cluster, and a comparison with the Local Group

R. Sanchez-Janssen, L. Ferrarese, L. A. MacArthur, P. Cote, J. P. Blakeslee, J. -C. Cuillandre, P. -A. Duc, P. Durrell, S. Gwyn, A. W. McConnachie, A. Boselli, … 展开作者

R. Sanchez-Janssen, L. Ferrarese, L. A. MacArthur, P. Cote, J. P. Blakeslee, J. -C. Cuillandre, P. -A. Duc, P. Durrell, S. Gwyn, A. W. McConnachie, A. Boselli, S. Courteau, E. Emsellem, S. Mei, E. Peng, T. H. Puzia, J. Roediger, L. Simard, F. Boyer, M. Santos

摘要:

我们利用NGVS的深度成像研究了室女星系团中心300 kpc的低光度星系的内在形状。我们在尚未探索的$-14 < M_{g} < -8$星等范围内建立了近300个红色序列星系团成员的样本。观察到的表观轴比的分布,然后拟合家庭的三轴模型与正态分布的内在椭圆和三轴。我们开发了一个贝叶斯框架来探索模型参数的后验分布,这使我们能够直接在离散数据上工作,并考虑到个体的、依赖于表面亮度的轴比不确定性。对于这个人口,我们推断平均内在椭圆率E=0.43,和平均三轴性T=0.16。这意味着,微弱的室女座星系最好被描述为一个家庭的厚,近扁球体的平均内轴比为1:0.94:0.57。此外,我们还试图研究类似光度的本星系团卫星的内在形状。对于LG人口,我们推断出一个稍大的平均固有椭圆率E=0.51,并与圆的明显形状的对象的缺乏转化为更多的三轴平均形状,1:0.76:0.49。最后,我们比较了NGVS低质量星系的内在形状与更大规模的静态系统的样本,并与领域,恒星形成星系的相似光度。我们发现,在这种低光度状态下的内在扁平化几乎与星系所处的环境无关-但有一个暗示,即物体在密度较高的环境中可能会稍微圆一些。经历了非常不同程度的环境影响的低光度星系的可比扁平分布表明,内部过程是低质量星系结构的主要驱动因素-外部机制起次要作用。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) We investigate the intrinsic shapes of low-luminosity galaxies in the central 300 kpc of the Virgo cluster using deep imaging obtained as part of the NGVS. We build a sample of nearly 300 red-sequence cluster members in the yet unexplored $-14 < M_{g} < -8$ magnitude range. The observed distribution of apparent axis ratios is then fit by families of triaxial models with normally-distributed intrinsic ellipticities and triaxialities. We develop a Bayesian framework to explore the posterior distribution of the model parameters, which allows us to work directly on discrete data, and to account for individual, surface brightness-dependent axis ratio uncertainties. For this population we infer a mean intrinsic ellipticity E=0.43, and a mean triaxiality T=0.16. This implies that faint Virgo galaxies are best described as a family of thick, nearly oblate spheroids with mean intrinsic axis ratios 1:0.94:0.57. We additionally attempt a study of the intrinsic shapes of Local Group satellites of similar luminosities. For the LG population we infer a slightly larger mean intrinsic ellipticity E=0.51, and the paucity of objects with round apparent shapes translates into more triaxial mean shapes, 1:0.76:0.49. We finally compare the intrinsic shapes of NGVS low-mass galaxies with samples of more massive quiescent systems, and with field, star-forming galaxies of similar luminosities. We find that the intrinsic flattening in this low-luminosity regime is almost independent of the environment in which the galaxy resides--but there is a hint that objects may be slightly rounder in denser environments. The comparable flattening distributions of low-luminosity galaxies that have experienced very different degrees of environmental effects suggests that internal processes are the main drivers of galaxy structure at low masses--with external mechanisms playing a secondary role.

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