光学无偏伽马射线暴宿主（TOUGH）调查。VII。宿主星系光度函数：从红移$\sim6$探讨伽玛暴与恒星形成的关系
The Optically Unbiased Gamma-Ray Burst Host (TOUGH) Survey. VII. The Host Galaxy Luminosity Function: Probing the Relationship Between GRBs and Star Formation to Redshift $\sim6$
摘要：
伽玛射线暴（GRB）提供了一条描述恒星形成星系和量化高$z$恒星形成的途径，这与传统的星系调查方法不同：GRB的选择与尘埃无关，即使是最微弱的星系，也可以在通量有限的调查中逃避检测。然而，在所有红移中，伽玛暴速率和恒星形成速率（SFR）之间的确切关系是有争议的。光学无偏GRB宿主（TOUGH）调查包括在雨燕GRB的光学无偏样本中对所有GRB宿主（69）的观测，我们利用这些来约束$z=0$和$z=4.5$之间的紫外GRB宿主星系光度函数（LF）的演化，并将其与来自莱曼破裂星系（LBG）调查和模拟建模的LF进行比较。在所有的红移，我们发现的伽玛射线暴主机是最一致的亮度函数来自SFR加权模型，将伽玛射线暴生产通过金属依赖和独立的通道，相对较高的水平，对低金属量主机的偏见。在范围$1<z<3$中，导出SFR加权LBG（即，非金属性偏差）LF也是数据的合理拟合。在$z\sim3$和$z\sim6$之间，我们观察到与LBG相比明显缺乏UV亮宿主，尽管这种短缺的意义受到9个未知红移宿主的限制。
英文摘要：
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) offer a route to characterizing star-forming galaxies and quantifying high-$z$ star formation that is distinct from the approach of traditional galaxy surveys: GRB selection is independent of dust and probes even the faintest galaxies that can evade detection in flux-limited surveys. However, the exact relation between the GRB rate and the star formation rate (SFR) throughout all redshifts is controversial. The Optically Unbiased GRB Host (TOUGH) survey includes observations of all GRB hosts (69) in an optically unbiased sample of Swift GRBs and we utilize these to constrain the evolution of the UV GRB-host-galaxy luminosity function (LF) between $z=0$ and $z=4.5$, and compare this with LFs derived from both Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) surveys and simulation modeling. At all redshifts we find the GRB hosts to be most consistent with a luminosity function derived from SFR weighted models incorporating GRB production via both metallicity-dependent and independent channels with a relatively high level of bias toward low metallicity hosts. In the range $1<z<3$ an SFR weighted LBG derived (i.e., non-metallicity biased) LF is also a reasonable fit to the data. Between $z\sim3$ and $z\sim6$, we observe an apparent lack of UV bright hosts in comparison with LBGs, though the significance of this shortfall is limited by nine hosts of unknown redshift.
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