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arXiv 1509.03095gr-qc
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零格网上的因果时空

Causal Space-Times on a Null Lattice

Martin Schaden

AI总结:

本文研究了SL(2,C)结构群下零格网量子引力的离散模型,构建了基于局部洛伦兹对称性的可观测量,推导了相容条件与格网测度,并在小格网数值实验中验证了模型的有限性,探讨了双重宇宙拓扑模拟暗物质的可能性。

摘要:

我研究了具有SL(2,C)结构群的因果零格网上量子引力的离散模型。该描述是几何的,并以因果和物理上透明的方式进行叶状分割。该模型的一般可观测量仅由局部洛伦兹对称性考虑构建。对于光滑构型,局部格网作用量退化为Hilbert-Palatini作用量、一个宇宙学项以及Pontyagin、Euler和Nieh-Yan的三个四维拓扑项。推导了具有零4-单纯形的拓扑超立方复形的相容条件,并构建了强制执行这些非局部约束的拓扑格网理论。格网积分测度通过非局部结构群的局域化,从SL(2,C)不变积分测度推导得出。该测度在相差一个依赖于局部4-体积的密度下是唯一的。它可以用明显坐标不变的几何量来表示。该密度提供了格网积分测度的不变正则化,抑制了具有小局部4-体积的构型。以局部可观测量之间的测地距离为条件的振幅具有物理意义,并且可能具有光滑的紫外极限。在大虚宇宙学常数的非物理强耦合区域的小格网上的数值研究表明,这种三角剖分因果流形模型是有限的。讨论了时空的两种拓扑不同的三角剖分:一个单一因果连通的宇宙,以及一个具有两个因果不相交连通分量的双重宇宙。在双重宇宙中,两个超立方子格网因果不相交,但局部曲率依赖于两个子格网的场。这可以在连续极限下模拟暗物质效应。

英文摘要:

I investigate a discrete model of quantum gravity on a causal null-lattice with \SLC structure group. The description is geometric and foliates in a causal and physically transparent manner. The general observables of this model are constructed from local Lorentz symmetry considerations only. For smooth configurations, the local lattice actions reduce to the Hilbert-Palatini action, a cosmological term and the three topological terms of dimension four of Pontyagin, Euler and Nieh-Yan. Consistency conditions for a topologically hypercubic complex with null 4-simplexes are derived and a topological lattice theory that enforces these non-local constraints is constructed. The lattice integration measure is derived from an \SLC-invariant integration measure by localization of the non-local structure group. This measure is unique up to a density that depends on the local 4-volume. It can be expressed in terms of manifestly coordinate invariant geometrical quantities. The density provides an invariant regularization of the lattice integration measure that suppresses configurations with small local 4-volumes. Amplitudes conditioned on geodesic distances between local observables have a physical interpretation and may have a smooth ultraviolet limit. Numerical studies on small lattices in the unphysical strong coupling regime of large imaginary cosmological constant suggest that this model of triangulated causal manifolds is finite. Two topologically different triangulations of space-time are discussed: a single, causally connected universe and a duoverse with two causally disjoint connected components. In the duoverse, two hypercubic sublattices are causally disjoint but the local curvature depends on fields of both sublattices. This may simulate effects of dark matter in the continuum limit.

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