Chronological null complete spacetimes admit a global time
E. Minguzzi
备注:
Latex2e, 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the Proceedings of the "Spanish Relativity Meeting: Physics and Mathematics of Gravitation", Salamanca (Spain), September 15-19, 2008
The result "chronological spacetimes without lightlike lines are stably causal" is announced and motivated. It implies that chronological spacetimes which are null geodesically complete and satisfy the null genericity and the null (averaged) energy condition admit a time function.
We propose an analogue quantum simulator of a 1+1 D spacetime containing non-causal curves,in particular, null geodesics going back in time, by means of a dc-SQUID array embedded on an open superconducting transmission line. This is achieved by mimicking the spatial dependence of the metric with the propagation speed of the electromagnetic field in the simulator, which can be modulated by an external magnetic flux. We show that it is possible to simulate a spacetime region containing non-causal null geodesics, but not a full spacetime containing a chronological horizon separating regions with …
We study the space-times admitting a null conformal Killing-Yano tensor whose divergence defines a Killing vector. We analyze the similitudes and differences with the recently studied non null case (Gen. Relativ. Grav. (2015) {\bf 47} 1911). The results by Barnes concerning the Birkhoff theorem for the case of null orbits are analyzed and generalized.
Axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes with a translational Killing vector at null infinity
通过使用Bondi-Sachs-van der Burg形式主义,我们分析了具有平移Killing矢量的轴对称电真空时空在零无穷远处的渐近性质,并且通常,无限的“宇宙弦”(由圆锥奇点表示)沿着轴。这样的时空只允许有一个局部的零无穷大。由于弦的存在,即使没有辐射,也有一个非零的新闻函数。证明了如果零无穷大有光滑的紧致截面,且时空在零无穷大的邻域内不平坦,则平移的Killing矢量必是类时的且时空是平稳的.轴对称时空的另一种额外对称性允许零无穷大的紧凑截面的情况是助推对称性,它导致辐射时空代表"均匀加速物体“。我们在之前的工作中对这些案例进行了详细分析。如果平移基灵矢量是类空的或零的,对应于柱面波或平面波,则零无穷大的一些完全生成元是“奇异的”,但零无穷大本身可以是光滑的,除了这些生成元。作为局部零无穷的两个明确例子,在附录中详细讨论了带弦的史瓦西时空和一类带弦的柱面波。
Cosmological singularity theorems such as that of Hawking and Penrose assume local curvature conditions as well as global ones like the existence of a compact (achronal) slice. Here, we prove a new singularity theorem for chronological spacetimes that satisfy what we call a `past null focusing' condition. Such a condition forces all null geodesics with future endpoint to develop a pair of conjugate points if past complete. By the Einstein field equations, such a condition will be satisfied if the density of matter fields remains sufficiently high towards the past of the spacetime, as may be ex…
We show that the extreme six-dimensional black string admits a conformal isometry under inversion. Duality relations between null geodesics of various brane geometries are demonstrated, some of which have a geometrical origin through an optical metric.
An exhaustive list of four-dimensional $Λ$-vacuum spacetimes admitting a Killing vector whose self-dual Killing two-form ${\cal F}$ is null is obtained assuming that the self-dual Weyl tensor is proportional to the tensor product of ${\cal F}$ by itself. Our analysis complements previous results concerning the case with non-null ${\cal F}$. We analyze both cases with $Λ$ vanishing or not. In the latter case we prove that $Λ< 0$ must hold necessarily, and we find a characterization of the Einstein spacetimes conformal to pp-waves. In the former case we obtain spacetime characterizations of vacu…
We present a topologically trivial, non-vacuum solution of the Einstein's field equations in four-dimensions, which is regular everywhere. The metric admits circular closed timelike curves, which appear beyond the null curve, and these timelike curves are linearly stable under linear perturbations. Additionally, the spacetime admits null geodesics curve which are not closed, and the metric is of type D in the Petrov classification scheme. The stress-energy tensor anisotropic fluid satisfy the different energy conditions and a generalization of Equation-of-State parameter of perfect fluid $p=ω\…
In this article, we present a gravitational collapse null dust solution of the Einstein field equations. The spacetime is regular everywhere except on the symmetry axis where it possesses a naked curvature singularity, and admits one parameter isometry group, a generator of axial symmetry along the cylinder which has closed orbits. The space- time admits closed timelike curves (CTCs) which develop at some particular moment in a causally well-behaved manner and may represent a Cosmic Time Machine. The radial geodesics near to the singularity, and the gravitational Lensing (GL) will be discussed…
Chruściel, Isenberg, and Pollack constructed a class of vacuum cosmological spacetimes that do not admit Cauchy surfaces with constant mean curvature. We prove that, for sufficiently large values of the gluing parameter, these examples are both future and past null geodesically incomplete. The authors are honored to dedicate this paper to Robert Bartnik on the occasion of his 60th birthday.
An anti-de Sitter background four-dimensional type N solution of the Einstein's field equations, is presented. The matter-energy content pure radiation field satisfies the null energy condition (NEC), and the metric is free-from curvature divergence. In addition, the metric admits a non-expanding, non-twisting and shear-free geodesic null congruence which is not covariantly constant. The space-time admits closed time-like curves which appear after a certain instant of time in a causally well-behaved manner. Finally, the physical interpretation of the solution, based on the study of the equatio…
Université d’Abomey-Calavi(阿博美-卡拉维大学);Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques (IMSP)(数学与物理科学研究所);Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Pisa(比萨大学数学系)
A Vaidya spacetime is considered for gravitational collapse of a type II fluid in the context of Rastall theory of gravity. For a linear equation of state (EoS) for the fluid profiles, the conditions under which the dynamical evolution of the collapse can give rise to the formation of a naked singularity are examined. It is shown that depending on the model parameters, strong-curvature naked singularities would arise as exact solutions to the Rastall's field equations. The allowed values of these parameters satisfy certain conditions on the physical reliability, nakedness and the curvature str…
In this paper we investigate whether the holographic principle proposed in string theory has a classical counterpart in general relativity theory. We show that there is a partial correspondence: at least in the case of vacuum Petrov type D spacetimes that admit a non-trivial Killing tensor, which encompass all the astrophysical black hole spacetimes, there exists a one to one correspondence between gravity in bulk and a two dimensional classical conformal scalar field on a null boundary.
We study the concept of Carrollian spacetime starting from its underlying fiber-bundle structure. The latter admits an Ehresmann connection, which enables a natural separation of time and space, preserved by the subset of Carrollian diffeomorphisms. These allow for the definition of Carrollian tensors and the structure at hand provides the designated tools for describing the geometry of null hypersurfaces embedded in Lorentzian manifolds. Using these tools, we investigate the conformal isometries of general Carrollian spacetimes and their relationship with the BMS group.
We study null alignment properties of Weyl tensors related via Kaluza$\unicode{x2013}$Klein reduction of vacuum spacetimes by one spatial Killing direction. Kaluza$\unicode{x2013}$Klein reduction is a method that relates spacetimes of different dimensionality. Weyl tensor null alignment is used in a recently proposed generalization of the Petrov algebraic classification of spacetimes to higher dimensions. Concentrating on the case where the two considered null directions are parallel in a gauge where they are perpendicular to the Maxwell potential, we express the relations between Riemann tens…
We investigate solutions $(\mathcal{M}, g)$ to Einstein's vacuum field equations with positive cosmological constant $Λ$ which admit a smooth past null infinity $\mathcal{J}^-$ à la Penrose and a Killing vector field whose associated Mars-Simon tensor (MST) vanishes. The main purpose of this work is to provide a characterization of these spacetimes in terms of their Cauchy data on $\mathcal{J}^-$. Along the way, we also study spacetimes for which the MST does not vanish. In that case there is an ambiguity in its definition which is captured by a scalar function $Q$. We analyze properties of th…
Recently it was discovered that null hypersurfaces can develop caustics outside the event horizon of super-entropic Kerr-AdS black holes, in contrast to the usual Kerr-AdS case. In this work we explore a few more examples of black hole spacetimes in which such exterior caustics can develop. If a closed null curve is present, e.g., in the case of Taub-NUT and the "transunital" Kerr-AdS spacetimes, then it coincides with a null hypersurface caustic (NHC) of a minimal separation parameter. Thus a spacetime on the verge of forming closed timelike curves could develop a caustic. Known examples of s…
We calculate the limits of the quasi-local angular momentum and center-of-mass defined by Chen-Wang-Yau \cite{CWY} for a family of spacelike two-spheres approaching future null infinity in an asymptotically flat spacetime admitting a Bondi-Sachs expansion. Our result complements earlier work of Chen-Wang-Yau \cite{CWY2}, where the authors calculate the limits of the quasi-local energy and linear momentum at null infinity. Finiteness of the center-of-mass limit requires that the spacetime be in the so-called center-of-mass frame, a mild assumption on the mass aspect function amounting to vanish…
Some systems of nonlinear wave equations admit global solutions for all sufficiently small initial data, while others do not. The (classical) null condition guarantees that such a result holds, but it is too strong to capture certain systems -- most famously the Einstein equations -- which nevertheless admit global solutions for small initial data. The weak null condition has been proposed as a sufficient condition for such a result to hold; it takes the form of a condition on a related set of nonlinear ODEs known as the "asymptotic system". Previous results in this direction have required cer…
We define a family of spacetimes representing isolated black holes exhibiting remarkable universal properties which are natural generalizations from stationary spacetimes. They admit a well defined notion of surface gravity k_H. This generalized surface gravity mediates an exponential relation between a regular null coordinate w near the horizon and an asymptotic Bondi null coordinate u defined in the vicinity of future null infinity. Our construction provides a framework for the study of gravitational collapse of an isolated system in its late stage of evolution.
The algebras of the symmetry operators for the Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations are found for a charged test particle moving in an external electromagnetic field in a spacetime manifold, on the isotropic (null) hypersurface of which a three-parameter groups of motions act transitively.on the isotropic (null) hypersurface of which a three-parameter groups of motions act transitively. We have found all admissible electromagnetic fields for which such algebras exist. We have proved that an admissible field does not deform the algebra of symmetry operators for the free Hamilton-Jaco…