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arXiv 1508.06604astro-ph.COgr-qc
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放宽暴胀磁生的限制

Relaxing the limits on inflationary magnetogenesis

Christos G. Tsagas

摘要:

暴胀一直被认为是产生原始大尺度磁场的最佳方式。为了获得足够强大的磁场来为银河发电机提供种子,大多数机制都在传统电磁理论之外运行。后者通常在de Sitter阶段结束后恢复。脱离标准电磁场可以在膨胀结束时导致明显更强的磁场,从而补偿它们随后的绝热耗尽。我们认为,德西特时代的剧烈磁场增强可能不再是必要的,因为与普遍的看法相反,超视界大小的磁场在暴胀后以较慢的速度衰减。这一主张背后的原理是因果关系,它将后暴胀电流限制在视界内。没有电流,就不可能有超哈勃长度的磁通冻结。在那里,磁场衰减速度减慢,因此更容易产生天体物理学感兴趣的原始场。为了量化这一定性陈述,人们可以从当前的银河发电机需求开始,并对膨胀结束时所需的磁场强度进行“逆向工程”,以便在今天产生与天体物理学相关的剩余种子。我们的研究结果表明,根据磁尺度,暴胀磁生机制产生的磁场强于$10^{17}$ G的德西特阶段结束时,可以成功地种子银河发电机目前。

英文摘要:

Inflation has long been thought as the best way of producing primordial large-scale magnetic fields. To achieve fields strong enough to seed the galactic dynamo, most of the mechanisms operate outside conventional electromagnetic theory. The latter is typically restored after the end of the de Sitter phase. Breaking away from standard electromagnetism can lead to substantially stronger magnetic fields by the end of inflation, thus compensating for the their subsequent adiabatic depletion. We argue that the drastic magnetic enhancement during the de Sitter era may no longer be necessary because, contrary to the widespread perception, superhorizon-sized magnetic fields decay at a slower pace after inflation. The principle behind this claim is causality, which confines the post-inflationary electric currents inside the horizon. Without the currents there can be no magnetic-flux freezing on super-Hubble lengths. There, the magnetic decay-rate slows down, thus making it much easier to produce primordial fields of astrophysical interest. To quantify this qualitative statement, one can start from the current galactic-dynamo requirements and `reverse engineer' the magnetic strengths needed at the end of inflation, in order to produce astrophysically relevant residual seeds today. Our results suggest that, depending on the magnetic scale, mechanisms of inflationary magnetogenesis generating fields stronger than $10^{17}$ G by the end of the de Sitter phase, could successfully seed the galactic dynamo at present.

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