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arXiv 1508.01546cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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半金属中受非对称对称性保护的拓扑“Luttinger”不变量

Topological 'Luttinger' invariants protected by non-symmorphic symmetry in semimetals

S. A. Parameswaran

摘要:

Luttinger定理是费米系统相互作用理论中的一个基本结果:它指出,如果粒子数量保持不变,费米表面内的体积不会因相互作用而改变。虽然这是传统上证明使用微扰理论,它可以被看作是从动量平衡的论点,检查基态的响应插入一个单一的通量量子[M. Oshikawa,Phys. Rev. Lett. 84,3370(2000)]。这表明费米海体积是一个拓扑保护量。扩展这种方法,我表明,自旋或自旋旋转保持非对称晶体中的费米子系统具有广义拓扑的“Luttinger不变量”,可以是非零的情况下,即使费米海体积消失。一个非零的Luttinger不变量迫使能带接触,导致半金属的无间隙性源于拓扑结构;打开一个没有对称性破缺的间隙会自动触发分数化。这些不变量的存在与非对称晶体除了在特殊的填充物处之外不能承载带绝缘基态有关。我解释了这些新的不变量的使用表明,他们区分各种类别的二维和三维半金属。

英文摘要:

Luttinger's theorem is a fundamental result in the theory of interacting Fermi systems: it states that the volume inside the Fermi surface is left invariant by interactions, if the number of particles is held fixed. Although this is traditionally justified using perturbation theory, it can be viewed as arising from a momentum balance argument that examines the response of the ground state to the insertion of a single flux quantum [M. Oshikawa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3370 (2000)]. This reveals that the Fermi sea volume is a topologically protected quantity. Extending this approach, I show that spinless or spin-rotation-preserving fermionic systems in non-symmorphic crystals possess generalized topological 'Luttinger invariants' that can be nonzero even in cases where the Fermi sea volume vanishes. A nonzero Luttinger invariant then forces energy bands to touch, leading to semimetals whose gaplessness is thus rooted in topology; opening a gap without symmetry breaking automatically triggers fractionalization. The existence of these invariants is linked to the inability of non-symmorphic crystals to host band insulating ground states except at special fillings. I exemplify the use of these new invariants by showing that they distinguish various classes of two- and three-dimensional semimetals.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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