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arXiv 1507.02187astro-ph.GA
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RMS巡天:大质量年轻恒星天体环境的氨测绘

The RMS Survey: Ammonia mapping of the environment of massive young stellar objects

J. S. Urquhart, C. C. Figura, T. J. T. Moore, T. Csengeri, S. L. Lumsden, T. Pillai, M. A. Thompson, D. J. Eden, L. K. Morgan

摘要:

我们提出了对66个大质量恒星形成区的红MSX源调查确定的氨观测结果。我们利用绿岸望远镜和K波段焦平面阵列,以30角秒的分辨率,在8个角分区域内,对嵌入大质量恒星形成的位置,绘制了NH_3(1,1)和(2,2)反转辐射图。我们总共发现了115个不同的团块,其中大约三分之二与嵌入的大质量年轻恒星物体或致密的HII区域有关,而其他的则被归类为静止的。NH3峰值发射和嵌入物体的存在之间存在很强的空间相关性。我们推导出的动力学气体的温度,线宽,和NH $_3$柱密度从这些地图的空间分布,并结合这些数据与尘埃排放图,我们估计团块质量,H $_2$柱密度和氨丰度。团簇的典型质量约为1000 Msun,半径约为0.5 pc,谱线宽度约为2 km/s,动力学温度约为16-20 K。我们发现恒星形成和静止子样本的大小和质量之间没有显着差异,但是,分布图显示存在的温度和线宽梯度峰值朝向中心的恒星形成团块,而静止团块显示相对均匀的温度和线宽。维里分析表明,绝大多数团块是受引力约束的,在没有强磁场的情况下,它们可能处于全球自由降落状态。两个子样本性质之间的相似性表明,静止的团块也可能在未来形成大质量恒星,因此为研究大质量恒星前和原恒星团块的初始条件提供了极好的机会。

英文摘要:

We present the results of ammonia observations towards 66 massive star forming regions identified by the Red MSX source survey. We have used the Green Bank Telescope and the K-band focal plane array to map the ammonia NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) inversion emission at a resolution of 30 arcsec in 8 arcmin regions towards the positions of embedded massive star formation. We have identified a total of 115 distinct clumps, approximately two-thirds of which are associated with an embedded massive young stellar object or compact HII region, while the others are classified as quiescent. There is a strong spatial correlation between the peak NH3 emission and the presence of embedded objects. We derive the spatial distribution of the kinetic gas temperatures, line widths, and NH$_3$ column densities from these maps, and by combining these data with dust emission maps we estimate clump masses, H$_2$ column densities and ammonia abundances. The clumps have typical masses of ~1000 Msun and radii ~0.5 pc, line widths of ~2 km/s and kinetic temperatures of ~16-20 K. We find no significant difference between the sizes and masses of the star forming and quiescent subsamples; however, the distribution maps reveal the presence of temperature and line width gradients peaking towards the centre for the star forming clumps while the quiescent clumps show relatively uniform temperatures and line widths throughout. Virial analysis suggests that the vast majority of clumps are gravitationally bound and are likely to be in a state of global free fall in the absence of strong magnetic fields. The similarities between the properties of the two subsamples suggest that the quiescent clumps are also likely to form massive stars in the future, and therefore provide a excellent opportunity to study the initial conditions of massive pre-stellar and protostellar clumps.

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