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arXiv 1506.05089cond-mat.stat-mech
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稀有事件、热力学Action和连续时间极限

Rare Events, the Thermodynamic Action and the Continuous-Time Limit

Patrick Malsom, Frank Pinski

摘要:

我们考虑的扩散路径,探索通过保守力的粒子移动,而在热平衡与周围环境。为了探测罕见的转换,我们使用Onsager-Machlup(OM)功能作为双端路径的路径概率分布函数,这些路径被限制在固定时间后在预定点开始和停止。我们探讨了连续时间的限制,OM功能已被经常使用伊藤Girsanov变化的措施。当用作路径测度时,Ito-Girsanov表达式生成非物理的双端路径的集合。我们揭示了为什么这种连续时间限制不,也不能,产生一个热力学系综的路径的根本原因。此外,我们表明,最可能的路径和热力学作用的概念是不相容的离散或连续时间扩散过程的措施。

英文摘要:

We consider diffusion-like paths that are explored by a particle moving via a conservative force while being in thermal equilibrium with its surroundings. To probe rare transitions, we use the Onsager-Machlup (OM) functional as a path probability distribution function for double-ended paths that are constrained to start and stop at predesignated points after a fixed time. We explore the continuous-time limit where the OM functional has been commonly regularized by using the Ito-Girsanov change of measure. When used as a path measure, the Ito-Girsanov expression generates an ensemble of double-ended paths that are unphysical. We expose the underlying reasons why this continuous-time limit does not, and cannot, generate a thermodynamic ensemble of paths. Furthermore, we show that the concept of the Most Probable Path and the Thermodynamic action are incompatible with such measures for discrete or continuous time diffusion processes.

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