具有电偶极子和磁矩的连续介质的热力学
Thermodynamics of a continuous medium with electric dipoles and magnetic moments
摘要：
本文分析了在电磁场存在下，具有自发电偶极子和磁矩的带电多组分流体的热力学。考虑到电流密度和应力张量的化学组成，导致三种类型的耗散项：标量，矢量和伪矢量。标量项占化学反应性，矢量项占运输和伪矢量项占松弛。的线性唯象关系，来自不可逆的演变，特别是描述莱曼和电动莱曼效应，德拜弛豫的极性分子和Landau-Lifshitz弛豫的磁化强度。这种形式主义解释了热的和电的磁化积累和磁化波。它还预测，温度梯度会影响磁涡旋的动力学，并驱动磁化波。
英文摘要：
The thermodynamics of an electrically charged, multicomponent fluid with spontaneous electric dipoles and magnetic moments is analysed in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Taking into account the chemical composition of the current densities and stress tensors leads to three types of dissipation terms: scalars, vectors and pseudo-vectors. The scalar terms account for chemical reactivities, the vectorial terms account for transport and the pseudo-vectorial terms account for relaxation. The linear phenomenological relations, derived from the irreversible evolution, describe notably the Lehmann and electric Lehmann effects, the Debye relaxation of polar molecules and the Landau-Lifshitz relaxation of the magnetisation. This formalism accounts for the thermal and electric magnetisation accumulations and magnetisation waves. It also predicts that a temperature gradient affects the dynamics of magnetic vortices and drives magnetisation waves.
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