具有类偶极排斥作用的二维系统的热力学和动力学
Thermodynamics and dynamics of two-dimensional systems with dipole-like repulsive interactions
摘要：
采用广泛的分子动力学（MD）模拟并辅以适当的理论近似，系统地研究了具有类偶极各向同性排斥相互作用的经典二维系统的热力学和动力学.这种相互作用势，衰减为粒子间距离的倒数立方，属于非常软的长程相互作用。因此，所研究的系统表现出某些普遍的性质，也共享其他相关的软相互作用粒子系统（如，例如，单组分等离子体和弱屏蔽库仑系统）。这些普遍性在这篇文章中进行了探索，以构建一个简单而可靠的描述系统热力学。特别是，流体和固相的亥姆霍兹自由能的推导，从流体-固体共存的位置是确定的。本文用准晶体近似描述偶极流体中的集体模。它的简化，以前验证的强耦合等离子体流体，是用来推导出明确的解析色散关系的纵向和横波模式，比较满意的直接MD模拟在长波长制度。推导并分析了偶极子流体和固体的声速。
英文摘要：
Thermodynamics and dynamics of a classical two-dimensional system with dipole-like isotropic repulsive interactions are studied systematically using extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations supplemented by appropriate theoretical approximations. This interaction potential, which decays as an inverse cube of the interparticle distance, belongs to the class of very soft long-ranged interactions. As a result, the investigated system exhibits certain universal properties that are also shared by other related soft-interacting particle systems (like, for instance, the one-component plasma and weakly screened Coulomb systems). These universalities are explored in this article to construct a simple and reliable description of the system thermodynamics. In particular, Helmholtz free energies of the fluid and solid phases are derived, from which the location of the fluid-solid coexistence is determined. The quasi-crystalline approximation is applied to the description of collective modes in dipole fluids. Its simplification, previously validated on strongly coupled plasma fluids, is used to derive explicit analytic dispersion relations for the longitudinal and transverse wave modes, which compare satisfactory with those obtained from direct MD simulations in the long-wavelength regime. Sound velocities of the dipole fluids and solids are derived and analyzed.
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