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arXiv 1504.06194astro-ph.SR
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ON星的表面丰度

Surface abundances of ON stars

F. Martins, S. Simon-Diaz, A. Palacios, I. Howarth, C. Georgy, N. R. Walborn, J. -C. Bouret, R. Barba

摘要:

大质量恒星在大部分演化过程中通过CNO循环燃烧氢。当混合是有效的,或当质量转移在双系统发生时,化学处理的材料在O和B星的表面被观察到。ON星比形态正常的恒星显示出更强的氮线。这是否对应于通过CNO循环处理的材料的存在,尚不清楚。我们的目标是回答这个问题。我们进行光谱分析的一个样本的ON星的大气模型。我们确定的基本参数,以及他,C,N和O的表面丰度。我们还测量了投影旋转速度。我们比较的ON星的正常O星的属性。我们表明,ON星通常是富氦的。它们的CNO表面丰度与核合成的预测完全一致。ON星的化学演化程度更高,平均旋转速度比正常的O星更快。演化模型,包括旋转不能占极端富集之间观察到的主序星。一些ON星是双星系统的成员,但其他的则是稳定径向速度的单星。因此,传质不是对所观察到的化学性质的简单解释。我们的结论是,ON星在其表面显示出极端的化学富集,通过CNO循环与核合成一致。其起源目前尚不清楚。

英文摘要:

Massive stars burn hydrogen through the CNO cycle during most of their evolution. When mixing is efficient, or when mass transfer in binary systems happens, chemically processed material is observed at the surface of O and B stars. ON stars show stronger lines of nitrogen than morphologically normal counterparts. Whether this corresponds to the presence of material processed through the CNO cycle or not is not known. Our goal is to answer this question. We perform a spectroscopic analysis of a sample of ON stars with atmosphere models. We determine the fundamental parameters as well as the He, C, N, and O surface abundances. We also measure the projected rotational velocities. We compare the properties of the ON stars to those of normal O stars. We show that ON stars are usually helium-rich. Their CNO surface abundances are fully consistent with predictions of nucleosynthesis. ON stars are more chemically evolved and rotate - on average - faster than normal O stars. Evolutionary models including rotation cannot account for the extreme enrichment observed among ON main sequence stars. Some ON stars are members of binary systems, but others are single stars as indicated by stable radial velocities. Hence, mass transfer is not a simple explanation for the observed chemical properties. We conclude that ON stars show extreme chemical enrichment at their surface, consistent with nucleosynthesis through the CNO cycle. Its origin is not clear at present.

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