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arXiv 1504.04038hep-th
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标准模型中的D-振子--推广

D-Oscillons in the Standard Model-Extension

R. A. C. Correa, Roldao da Rocha, A. de Souza Dutra

备注：
8 pages, final version to appear in PRD
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 91, 125021 (2015)
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摘要：

在这项工作中，我们调查的后果，洛伦兹对称性破坏极其长寿，时间依赖性，空间局域化的场配置，命名为光子。这是完成在（$D+1$）维的两个相互作用的标量场理论在所谓的标准模型-扩展上下文。我们证明了$D$维标量场块可以呈现典型的尺寸$R_{\min }\ll R_{KK}$，其中$R_{KK}$是卡鲁扎-克莱因理论中额外维的相关长度尺度.在这里，大小$R_{\min }$示出强烈依赖于控制洛伦兹违反理论的条款。这意味着平均半径$R_{\min}$的收缩或扩张，以及其组成的新规则。此外，我们表明，存在的振荡块的空间尺寸有一个上限，打开新的可能性，以探测在TeV的能量尺度的$D$维的光子的存在。此外，在洛伦兹对称性破缺的宇宙学场景中，我们认为在具有极高能量密度和强洛伦兹破坏的早期宇宙中，典型的尺寸$R_{\min }$是高度膨胀的。随着宇宙的膨胀和随后的冷却，我们提出它通过了一个向洛伦兹对称的相变，其中$R_{\min }$趋于紧凑。

英文摘要：

In this work we investigate the consequences of the Lorentz symmetry violation on extremely long-living, time-dependent, and spatially localized field configurations, named oscillons. This is accomplished in ($D+1$) dimensions for two interacting scalar field theories in the so-called Standard Model-Extension context. We show that $D$-dimensional scalar field lumps can present a typical size $R_{\min }\ll R_{KK}$, where $R_{KK}$ is the associated length scale of extra dimensions in Kaluza-Klein theories. Here, the size $R_{\min }$ is shown to strongly depend on the terms that control the Lorentz violation of the theory. This implies either contraction or dilation of the average radius $R_{\min}$, and a new rule for its composition, likewise. Moreover, we show that the spatial dimensions for existence of oscillating lumps have an upper limit, opening new possibilities to probe the existence of a $D$ -dimensional oscillons at TeV energy scale. Moreover, in a cosmological scenario with Lorentz symmetry breaking, we argue that in the early Universe with an extremely high energy density and a strong Lorentz violation, the typical size $R_{\min }$ was highly dilated. With the expansion and subsequent cooling of the Universe, we propose that it passed through a phase transition towards a Lorentz symmetry, wherein $R_{\min }$ tends to be compact.

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