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arXiv 1503.05193hep-thhep-ph
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希格斯真空不稳定性对大尺度暴胀是致命的吗?

Is a Higgs Vacuum Instability Fatal for High-Scale Inflation?

John Kearney, Hojin Yoo, Kathryn M. Zurek

摘要:

本文研究了具有不稳定势的标量场$h$的暴胀演化,其中暴胀过程中的哈勃参数$H$大于不稳定势的尺度$Λ_I$.在$δh \sim \frac{H}{2 π}$大小的场中的量子涨落意味着在暴胀期间对势的不稳定部分进行采样。我们调查这些波动的不稳定制度的演变,特别是它们是否产生宇宙学缺陷,甚至终止通货膨胀。我们将玩具标量模型的结果应用到标准模型(SM)希格斯玻色子的情况下,其四次演变为负值在高尺度,并扩展以前的分析希格斯动力学在通货膨胀期间利用统计方法的扰动和完全规范不变的配方。我们表明,动力学控制的重整化群改进的四次耦合$λ(μ)$评估规模$μ= H$,这样,希格斯波动增强的不稳定性,如果$H > Λ_I$。即使是$H > Λ_I$,SM希格斯势的不稳定性也不会结束暴胀;相反,宇宙会慢慢地脱落那些永远不会主导进化的空间碎片。当暴胀过程超过50个$e$折叠时,在不稳定的真空中,相当大比例的补丁退出暴胀,多达1%的时空可以迅速演化为缺陷。然而,根据这些缺陷的性质,由此产生的宇宙仍然可以与我们的宇宙兼容。

英文摘要:

We study the inflationary evolution of a scalar field $h$ with an unstable potential for the case where the Hubble parameter $H$ during inflation is larger than the instability scale $Λ_I$ of the potential. Quantum fluctuations in the field of size $δh \sim \frac{H}{2 π}$ imply that the unstable part of the potential is sampled during inflation. We investigate the evolution of these fluctuations to the unstable regime, and in particular whether they generate cosmological defects or even terminate inflation. We apply the results of a toy scalar model to the case of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, whose quartic evolves to negative values at high scales, and extend previous analyses of Higgs dynamics during inflation utilizing statistical methods to a perturbative and fully gauge-invariant formulation. We show that the dynamics are controlled by the renormalization group-improved quartic coupling $λ(μ)$ evaluated at a scale $μ= H$, such that Higgs fluctuations are enhanced by the instability if $H > Λ_I$. Even if $H > Λ_I$, the instability in the SM Higgs potential does not end inflation; instead the universe slowly sloughs off crunching patches of space that never come to dominate the evolution. As inflation proceeds past 50 $e$-folds, a significant proportion of patches exit inflation in the unstable vacuum, and as much as 1% of the spacetime can rapidly evolve to a defect. Depending on the nature of these defects, however, the resulting universe could still be compatible with ours.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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