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arXiv 2301.08754hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th
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快子希格斯粒子与暴胀宇宙

The Tachyonic Higgs and the Inflationary Universe

Bibhushan Shakya

摘要:

根据目前的测量,标准模型希格斯粒子在高能尺度下会变成快子粒子。希格斯势的这种不稳定状态可以在早期宇宙的高尺度暴胀中实现,可能会带来灾难性的后果。这封信强调了这种配置的一个关键的固有特征,到目前为止仍然被忽视:由快速演化的希格斯场引起的真空中希格斯粒子的产生,由于快子不稳定性而呈指数级增强。这种爆炸性粒子的产生可以迅速消耗希格斯场的能量,即使在暴胀期间也能维持相当高密度的希格斯粒子,并可能在后暴胀宇宙的某些部分引发性质不同的预热。因此,任何对希格斯场在其快子阶段的研究,无论是在暴胀期间还是之后,都必须考虑到这种大量的粒子能量密度,这可能会对这种系统的后续演化产生重大影响。这可能对高尺度暴胀、暴胀后的预热、宇宙微波背景中的可观测信号、引力波和原始黑洞,以及从永恒暴胀到电弱真空亚稳态等更深层次的概念产生重要影响。

英文摘要:

The Standard Model Higgs becomes tachyonic at high energy scales according to current measurements. This unstable regime of the Higgs potential can be realized in the early Universe during high scale inflation, potentially with catastrophic consequences. This letter highlights a crucial inherent feature of such configurations that has so far remained ignored: Higgs particle production out of vacuum induced by the rapidly evolving Higgs field, which gets exponentially enhanced due to the tachyonic instability. Such explosive particle production can rapidly drain energy away from the Higgs field, sustaining a significant density of Higgs particles even during inflation, and could initiate a qualitatively different form of preheating in parts of the post-inflationary Universe. Any study of the Higgs field in its tachyonic phase, either during or after inflation, must therefore take this substantial particle energy density into account, which could significantly affect the subsequent evolution of such systems. This could carry important implications for high scale inflation, post-inflationary preheating, observable signals in the cosmic microwave background, gravitational waves, and primordial black holes, as well as deeper concepts ranging from eternal inflation to the metastability of the electroweak vacuum.

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