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arXiv 1503.04252astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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Lick天文台超新星搜寻对IIn型超新星爆发的制约

Constraints on Type IIn Supernova Progenitor Outbursts from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search

Christopher Bilinski, Nathan Smith, Weidong Li, G. Grant Williams, WeiKang Zheng, Alexei V. Filippenko

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22 pages, 11 figures, deluxetable.sty used
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摘要：

我们搜索了卡茨曼自动成像望远镜（KAIT）获得的大约12年的档案调查数据，作为利克天文台超新星搜索（LOSS）的一部分，以检测或限制可能的IIn型超新星（SNe~IIn）的祖先爆发。KAIT数据库包含50 Mpc内5个SNe~IIn（加上一个SN IIn/冒名顶替者的模糊情况）的多个SN前图像。在我们的任何目标中，使用错误发现率（FDR）统计方法都没有发现祖先爆发。相反，我们得到的限制幅度（LM）在SNe的位置。将这些极限强度（通常达到$m_R \approx 19.5\,\mathrm{mag}$）与SN 2009 ip和$η$ Car的爆发以及其他模拟爆发进行比较。我们发现，SN 1999 el和SN 2003 dv的数据质量足以排除由蓝超巨星（BSG）前身星最初微弱的SNe引起的主峰前$\sim40$天的事件，如SN 2009 ip和SN 2010 mc的情况。因此，这些SNe~IIn可能来自红超巨星的祖先，或者它们可能有一个更快的星周物质相互作用的开始。我们还估计在我们的数据集中检测到至少一个爆发的概率是$\gtrsim60\%$的每一种类型的示例爆发，所以没有任何检测表明，这种爆发要么通常比$\sim -13\,\mathrm{mag}$更不明亮（本质上或由于灰尘），要么在爆炸前几年内在SNe~IIn中不太常见。

英文摘要：

We searched through roughly 12 years of archival survey data acquired by the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT) as part of the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) in order to detect or place limits on possible progenitor outbursts of Type IIn supernovae (SNe~IIn). The KAIT database contains multiple pre-SN images for 5 SNe~IIn (plus one ambiguous case of a SN IIn/imposter) within 50 Mpc. No progenitor outbursts are found using the false discovery rate (FDR) statistical method in any of our targets. Instead, we derive limiting magnitudes (LMs) at the locations of the SNe. These limiting magnitudes (typically reaching $m_R \approx 19.5\,\mathrm{mag}$) are compared to outbursts of SN 2009ip and $η$ Car, plus additional simulated outbursts. We find that the data for SN 1999el and SN 2003dv are of sufficient quality to rule out events $\sim40$ days before the main peak caused by initially faint SNe from blue supergiant (BSG) precursor stars, as in the cases of SN 2009ip and SN 2010mc. These SNe~IIn may thus have arisen from red supergiant progenitors, or they may have had a more rapid onset of circumstellar matter interaction. We also estimate the probability of detecting at least one outburst in our dataset to be $\gtrsim60\%$ for each type of the example outbursts, so the lack of any detections suggests that such outbursts are either typically less luminous (intrinsically or owing to dust) than $\sim -13\,\mathrm{mag}$, or not very common among SNe~IIn within a few years prior to explosion.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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